NATURALIST IN INDIA. 309 



latrine is known. Indeed the swine of many parts of India 

 are maintained entirely in this way, and driven daUy to the 

 purlieus of the towns. The domestic animal strongly re- 

 sembles the wild species in its outward form, hut its lean 

 appearance and excessively loathsome habits present an equally 

 opposite contrast. Its flesh is very often " measled" — that is, 

 contains the germs of the tape-worm, which are supposed to 

 be the result of its foul feeding. This circumstance came 

 forcibly before my notice at Eawul Pindee, where the diseased 

 flesh of the animal was sold in quantities to the soldiers. The 

 result was a marked prevalence among them of the parasite, 

 which, on microscopic examination proved to be the species 

 known as the bookless tape-worm {Toenia nwdiocaTiellata). 

 No doubt mutton is frequently contaminated in this manner, 

 as, strange to say, the sheep, and even goats, of many parts of 

 the East, take to the same abominable mode of feeding. It is 

 strange to observe how the poor rejected pariah becomes sen- 

 sible of kindness or any attention from man. Once persuaded 

 that no harsh measures are intended, his erect ears droop, and 

 he crouches at your feet. This predilection for man seems 

 almost inherent in the dog, and when we trace back its history 

 as far as the refuse-heaps of Denmark and the pile-folks of 

 the Swiss lakes, or what is still more suggestive, the repre- 

 sentations on the Egyptian temples and tombs, the great fact 

 is irresistible, that man and the dog have shared each other^s 

 company for possibly a longer period than any other ; and 

 whether the love at first was gradual or not, it has now at least, 

 as far as the brute is concerned, become instinctive. More- 

 . over, when we think of the vast periods embraced by the 

 Egyptian monuments of antiquity, and the time it must have 

 taken to develope even one variety from the feral stock, and 

 note the fox-hound or turnspit of 4000 to 5000 years ago, it 



