PycEtnia and Septicamia. 17 



In the absence of violations of the law, or recent importation 

 indemnity for all animals taken, is essential to success ; it is a 

 matter of bare justice, and its omission is an invariable source of 

 failure in veterinary sanitary police. In some countries the cost 

 is met by a tax on live stock, but it is much simpler to let such 

 an outlay for the public good be paid out of the public exchequer. 



When the germ of a disease is saprophytic it may be impossi- 

 ble to deal with it as above, and then such measures as immuni- 

 zation, serum-therapy, organo-therapy, may be resorted to in 

 suitable eases. But in all such cases any step that would risk 

 the extension of the area of infection must be prevented so that 

 an expert supervision of the stock and their products is de. 

 manded. 



Some epizootics must be prevented by doing away with the in- 

 termediate invertebrate bearers of the microbes, and some by 

 removing the conditions of environment by which the microbes 

 are preserved. These and other precautions must be referred to 

 the chapters on individual diseases. 



PYEMIA AND SEPTICEMIA. 



Multiplicity of Septicaemias. Pyaemia and Septicemia, distinction be- 

 tween. Multiple secondary abscesses in pyaemia ; no secondary abscesses 

 in uncomplicated septicaemia. Septico-pysemia. Pycemia. Causes : bac- 

 teria, deep wound infection, susceptibility, debility, shock, illness, narcotic 

 ptomaines, partial immunization, complexity of infection, mutual decom- 

 position of toxins, dose, lesions of intima of blood vessels, thrombosis, em- 

 bolism, action of microbes on haematoblasts and blood globules, viscidity of 

 cells, adhesion to endothelium, coagula, solution of clot, escape of mi- 

 crobes. Lesions : wound, abscess, thrombus, emboli, infarction, abscesses, 

 ulceration, endocarditis. Spleen. Blood coagulates. Symptoms : rigor, 

 hyperthermia, with remissions, pulse weak, soft, rapid, perspiration, diar- 

 rhoea, sweet breath, faeces, urine acid, dulness, prostration, mucosae dusky 

 or yellow, blood shows leucocytosis, haemolysis, cardiac murmur, arthritis, 

 stupor, coma, palsy, dry, puffy sore, source of infection. Prognosis grave. 

 Prevention : largely surgical, antisepsis, asepsis, excision of infected vein. 

 Treatment : antiseptics, locally and internally, stimulants, tonics, nourish- 

 ment. Septicaemia: microbes, toxins, septic intoxication, septic infection, 

 fermentation fever, sapraemic fever. Lesions : blood dark, incoagulable, 

 spleen enlarged — gorged, petechiae, cloudy swellings, coagulation necrosis, 

 organs as if parboiled, congested glands, kidneys. Symptoms : chill slight. 



