Septiccemia Hcemorrhagica of Bovine Animals. 79 



Diagnosis. From anthrax (gloss anthrax) this afEection is 

 easily distinguished by the absence, from the blood and exudates, 

 of the large, square ended anthrax bacillus, by the absence of 

 enlargement and blood-engorgement of the spleen, and of the 

 softness and diffluence of the blood clot which characterize an- 

 thrax. Swine which are with difficulty inoculated with anthrax 

 are very susceptible to haemorrhagic septicaemia. Sheep which 

 are very receptive to anthrax are somewhat refactory to the dis- 

 ease now in hand. Pigeons resist anthrax but readily contract 

 septicaemia haemorrhagica. 



From black quarter it is readily distinguished by the absence of 

 emphysema and crepitation and of a secondary cooling in the 

 external swellings, by the presence of the germ in abundance in 

 the blood, by its smaller size, its bipolar staining, and its lack of 

 motility and of spores. Inoculation with black quarter bacillus 

 kills the guinea pig, but spares the pigeon. 



From lung plague it is distinguished by the suddenness of its 

 attack and rapidity of its progress to a fatal issue ; by the usual 

 coincidence of skin and bowel lesions, while the lung plague affects 

 the chest only ; by its communicability to pigs, sheep, pigeons, 

 and even horses, which are all immune from lung plague ; and 

 by the usual absence of lung lesions of different ages, which are 

 so characteristic of lung plague. The abundance in the blood, of 

 the cocco- bacillus with bipolar staining in haemorrhagic septi- 

 caemia is characteristic. Lung plague spreads slowly to exposed 

 cattle, but spares all other domestic animals. 



From Rinderpest it is differentiated by the history of its advent, 

 by the presence of the surface oedematous swellings, by the 

 absence of the whitish epithelial concretions on the mouth or 

 vulva, and of the deep dark portwine discolorations of the mucosae 

 of the mouth, rectum and vulva, and by the fact of its inocula- 

 bility on domestic animals generally. Rinderpest spreads rapidly 

 to all exposed ruminants, but spares pigs, rabbits, Guinea pigs, 

 horses and birds. 



From malignant oedema it differs in its inoculability on the 

 surface in place of subcutaneously only, in the presence of the 

 cocco-bacillus in the blood during life, whereas in mahgnant 

 cedema the germ is confined to the local lesion, in the absence of 

 crepitation, which may be present in the swelling of oedema, in 



