Strangles, Infectious Rhino-adenitis. 119 



but they are early covered by a diffuse exudation into the sur- 

 rounding connective tissue, that completely envelopes and ob- 

 scures the form of the swollen glands, and forms a more or less 

 uniformly rounded, pasty swelling, extending to the median line 

 of the intermaxillary space, or filling the whole space from one 

 maxilla to the other and projecting downward below their level. 

 This early, diffuse, pasty, evenly rounded swelling, hot and tender, 

 is distinctive of strangles, and usually exclusive of glanders. 



Another characteristic of the strangles swelling is its steady, 

 and usually speedy, advance to suppuration and abscess. It be- 

 comes hard, tense, and resistant, then, in the centre, or at various 

 points of the surface, small areas of circumscribed softening can 

 be detected, and soon show distinct fluctuation. Two or more of 

 these may coalesce or they may form several distinct abscesses, 

 which may early point, burst and discharge, when the remainder 

 of the exudate softens and degenerates into pus, and the cavity 

 closes by granulation. In some cases after the formation of the 

 swelling it disappears by resolution, the exudate becoming liquefied 

 and absorbed. In glanders the nodular, insensible swelling 

 tends to persist without extensive pasty exudation or suppuration. 



Cases of strangles catarrh in which the sub-maxillary lesions 

 are omitted, are quite common. These occur during the regular 

 strangles epizootic, and protect against a second attack. 



Symptoms of Pharyngeal and ' Laryngeal Strangles. Exten- 

 sion of the morbid process from nose to pharynx is exceedingly 

 common . When concentrated on the pharynx there are extension 

 of the head forward with elevation of the nose, swelling of the 

 throat laterally or downward, uneasy movements of the jaws, 

 salivation, difficulty of swallowing, return of ingested liquids 

 through the nose, gulping, and a loose suffocative cough. The 

 swelling of the throat tends to attain to large dimensions, and 

 may threaten suffocation by interfering with the breathing. This 

 is still further aggravated if the laryngeal mucosa is the seat of 

 exudate. The breathing may become loud and stertorous, the 

 mucosse of a dark leaden hue and the animal dull and stupid 

 from the venous condition of the circulating blood. 



Abscesses forming on the lateral parts of the throat usually 

 make their way to the surface, though this may be below the level 

 of the parotid. If from the parotidean lymph gland, one of the 



