CONTAGIOUS PNEUMONIA IN THE HORSE. 



Synonyms. Definition. Historic notes. Accessory causes : youth, na- 

 tive susceptibility, inclement weather, exposed stables, nasal and bronchial 

 catarrh, sores as infection atria, lack of stable hygiene, crowding, underfeed- 

 ing, overwork, excitement, exhaustion, infection from stables, etc., conva- 

 lescents ; doctrine of recrudescence. Bacteriology : streptococcus pneumo- 

 niae contagiosa equi : pathogenic to mice, rabbits, and Guinea pigs. Cocco- 

 bacillus of Ugnieres in early lesions. Lesions : bilateral, multiple foci, con- 

 gestion, consolidation, purulent, necrotic, infarction, sequestra in purulent 

 sacs, pleuritic effusion ; enlarged, congested liver with centres of degenera- 

 tion and necrosis. Congested spleen, kidneys, lymph glands and e;astro-iiites- 

 tinal mucosa. Yellow mucosae, mahogany colored muscles. Incubation, 3 to 

 10 days. Symptoms : staring coat, early extreme hyperthermia, accelerated 

 pulse and breathing, cough, icteric mucofEe,anorexia, duliiess, defervescence 

 in 3 to 5 days ; convalesence in 10 days ; or prostration, swollen eyelids 

 trembling or interrupted labored breathing, cough, nasal flow yellow, 

 multiple centres of percussion flatness, crepitation, riles ; urine scanty, yel 

 low or reddish, albuminous, acid, alkalinity as a symptom ; throat symp' 

 toms, inhalation bronchitis, cardiac phenomena, swelling of legs, stupor, 

 trembling, staggering, vertigo, paresis. Course : duration 2 to 3 weeks, de- 

 fervesence. Fatal cases, toxin poisoning. Diagnosis : by age, history, 

 tardy infection, prostration usually less than in influenza. Prognosis : grav- 

 ity depends on violence of attack, susceptibility, hygiene, treatment. Mor- 

 tality I to 20 per cent. Permanent lesions from sequestra, adhesions, car- 

 diac, hepatic, nervous or arthritic disease. Treatment : Pure air, sunshine, 

 comfort, hygiene, pure water, rest, cold rectal injections, damp compresses 

 hot bath, diaphoretics, expectorants, alkaline diuretics, antipyretics, heart 

 stimulants, derivatives, antiseptics, nerve sedatives, tonics. Prevention 

 early removal, disinfection, quarantine new horses, disinfection of public 

 and sale yards and stables, certificates. Immunization : by a mild attack 

 serum-therapy. 



Synonyms. Ataxic or Adynamic Pneumonia ; Stable or Hos- 

 pital Pneumonia ; Pleuro-Pneumonia Contagio.sa Equorum ; Con- 

 tagiou,s Pleuro-Pneumonia ; Bilious Pneumonia ; Edematous 

 Pneumonia ; Brustseuche. 



Definition. An infectious adynamic type of pneumonia occur- 

 ring in horses, asses and mules, characterized by marked hyper- 

 thermia ; by infiltration of lung tissue, often bloody, infarcted 

 or caseated and usually circumscribed ; by a deep yellow discol- 

 oration of the visible mucosa and other white tissues ; and by 

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