Contagious Pneumonia in the Horse. 137 



metabolic products, or even to congestion or inflammation of the 

 brain or its membranes. This may occur at the outset of the 

 disease indicating the election of the nerve centres for the coloni- 

 zation of the microbe, and advancing to a rapidly fatal issue 

 (Friedberger and Frohner). It may set in with hepatization 

 (Rey), or it may coincide with pulmonary gangrene (Cadeac). 

 There may be merely dulness, prostration, or stupor ; or trembling, 

 unsteady gait, or falling ; there may be rolling of the eyes, 

 or amaurosis, or vertigo occurring intermittently ; or there maj' 

 be epileptic attacks or paraplegia. 



Course. In moderate cases the disease may last from two to 

 three weeks, and in well conditioned horses, with strong constitu- 

 tions, tends to recovery. On the third to the eighth day all the 

 symptoms appear better, appetite, expression, alertness, breath- 

 ing, pulsation and temperature. The temperature which has been 

 a degree, or more, higher in the afternoon than in the morning, 

 remains about the same from morning to night, or is even slightly 

 lowered ; it is lower still next morning and in two or three days 

 may have reached 101°, still rising a little in the afternoon. The 

 pulmonary exudate is usually quickly absorbed though less so 

 than in favorable cases of influenza. Convalescence may be 

 completed by the end of the third or fourth week. 



In violent and fatal cases the general symptoms tend to encrease 

 in violence, though the temperature may descend to 103°, and in 

 the final collapse to 100° or lower. In a mare presented at the 

 college clinic after three weeks illness and treatment elsewhere, 

 prostration was extreme, the head rested in the manger, the nose 

 discharged a fetid, glairy, frothy liquid, with grumous, bloody 

 debris ; breath offensive ; pulse 92, almost imperceptible ; respira- 

 tions 30, very labored ; nostrils widely dilated, flapping ; 

 temperature in vagina 103.6°, anus was open with constant in- 

 gress and egress of air, and a watery glairy, frothv discharge ; 

 extensive dropsy under the sternum ; percussion and auscultation 

 indicated consolidation of lungs from the lower border up, crepi- 

 tation, creaking, and loud clucking bronchial sound. The mare 

 survived for forty-eight hours, the temperature descending to 

 (00.5" in the morning and rising to 102° and upward in the after- 

 noon. At the necropsy the right lung was consolidated through- 

 out, the left had pervious areas anteriorly and posteriorly ; there 



