Equine Influenza. Adynamic Catarrhal Fever of Solipeds. 167 



Pneumonia : Pneumonia : Pneumonia : 



Croupous Fibrinous. Contagions, of Equine of Equine Influenza. 



Animals. 



Abscess not infrequent. Abscess rare Abscess not infrequent 



Pulmonary gangrene in- Pulmonary gangrene Infarctions, sequestra, 

 frequent and sequestra frequent and cavities not un- 

 common 



Pericarditis infrequent.. Pericarditis frequent.— Pericarditis frequent 



Blood, decrease of red Less altered than in Blood at firstclots firmly, 



globules ; encrease of e i t h e r of the other later becomes thick, 



white, haematoblasts, forms. Shows cocco- black, sizy, heematosis 



fibrine formers and bacilli in the earlier tardy. Reaction acid. 



soda salts stages: streptococci 



later 



Coagulation firm, bufiy Coagulum loose, bufify 



coat coat slight 



Hepatic congestion, not Hepatic congestion ex. Hepatic congestion ex- 

 hepatitis cessive, hepatitis, ne- cessive, hsemorrhagic ; 



erotic changes fatty degeneration 



Prognosis. Mortality. As usually met with and under favor- 

 able conditions, equine influenza is a mild disease. In 1872 when 

 the disease, sweeping the continent and hardly sparing an equine 

 animal, might be assumed to have reached its maximum, the 

 actual deaths varied from 2 per cent, in country districts to 7 per 

 cent, in large cities. The same holds for Europe where Fried- 

 berger and Frohner gives 4 to 5 per cent. Friis (Denmark) i per 

 cent., Aureggio (Italy) 3 per cent., Siedamgrotzky 10 per cent. 

 Much depends on conditions : In horses infected in transit on a 

 long railroad journey it may be 100 per cent, and in fat dealer's 

 horses, out of condition for active 'work it usually reaches a high 

 figure. If the patients are kept at work the complications and 

 mortality run very high. The same applies to debihtated ani- 

 mals kept in close, foul, ill-aired stables, or reduced by exhaust- 

 ing or long standing diseases. The very young and the senile 

 suffer more than animals in middle life and vigorous condition. 

 Finally the parts invaded have a controlling effect. The milder 

 cases affecting the upper air passages only, nearly all recover, in 

 those showing abdominal lesions the indications are still favorable ; 

 while with double pulmonary and pleural lesions the patient is 

 too often in a hopeless condition. Brain lesions are almost 

 equally redoubtable. < 



The actual money losses, in an epizootic of influenza, are more 

 in the way of the loss of work and the complete stagnation of 



