Chicken Cholera. Fowl Cholera. Chicken Typhoid, etc. 195 



transient symptoms even .in^.uch cases — extreme dulness, pros- 

 tration, somnolence, seclusfc^^a cool, dark place, ruffling of 

 feathers, sinking of the head ^weeen the wings, drooping, trail- 

 ing wings and tail, violet comb, gaping, discharge of glairy 

 mucus from the bill, convulsions and death. These symptoms 

 last from two to five hours. '%. 



In acute but less fulminant forms there is loss of appetite, de- 

 pression, debility, apathy, erection of the feathers, sinking of 

 the head, swaying when made to walk, drooping wings and tail, 

 sitting on the breast, convulsive tremblings, discharge of filmy or 

 frothy mucus by the nose or mouth, vomiting, hyperthermia 

 (108° to 111° F), sighing breathing, inflation of the crop,j^iuyiolet 

 colored comb, wattles and mucosae, great thirst and diarrfii^j at 

 first pultaceous and light yellow, later glairy, green and fetid. 

 The feathers round the anus become soaked and matted with the dis- 

 charge. Temperature becomes subnormal, the patient falls and 

 is unable to rise, and finally dies in a stupor or convulsions, the 

 illness having lasted i to 3 days. 



Milder cases occurring chiefly towards the end of an outbreak 

 when the less susceptible animals only are left, or when the mi- 

 crobe has become less virulent, show a larger ratio of recoveries. 

 These show a lack of spirit and vigor, impaired appetite, 

 diarrhoea, emaciation, dulness, prostration, moping, rufiling of 

 the plumes, dark discoloration of the comb, and. often swelling 

 of one or more important joints (femoro-tibial, etc. ) . These may 

 burst and discharge a reddish pus, or simply form dark or grayish 

 swellings. These cases may drag along for a week or more and 

 finally die in marasmus. The minute bacillus is not obtainable 

 from these (I,ignieres). 



Cases inoculated in the pectoral muscles with only one or two 

 microbes usually have only a circumscribed slough, with loss of 

 condition, and after the elimination of the slough and the healing 

 of the sore the bird proves immune. 



Lesions. The alimentary canal is the main seat of morbid 

 changes. The intestinal walls, and especially the mucosa, have 

 points and patches of blood extravasation, extensive areas of 

 congestion with ramified redness, exudation and thickening. 

 The intestinal contents are watery, frothy, browned or blackened 

 by effused blood, and swarming with ferments including the 



