204 Veterinary Medicine. 



acid does well in the early stages, or half the water may be 

 advantageously replaced by glycerine. Lysol, creosote, salicylic 

 acid, or boric acid may be substituted. In advanced cases with 

 extensive deposits the latter may first be scraped off, and then 

 the antiseptic applied. Even glycerine alone, liberally applied 

 has proved successful. For the enteritic form glycerine has 

 been administered by the mouth, a tea- to a tablespoonful for a 

 mature goose. In this last case borax, salicylate of soda, or salol 

 might be tried. 



Prevention. To exterminate or prevent the infection, avoid 

 contact with strange birds, from neighboring yards, in exhibi- 

 tions, or in shipping ; remove sick birds from infected flocks, 

 disinfect buildings and runs, or change the latter ; divide up 

 the flock in separate pens of three or four fowls each, and remove 

 at once for treatment any sick fowl, afterward disinfecting the 

 pen ; take all possible precautions against diffusion of infection 

 through the food or water. Generous feeding and a course of 

 bitters, with copperas in the drinking water may be of material 

 advantage. 



DISTEMPER IN DOGS AND CATS. 



Definition. Synonyms. Animals susceptible : dog, fox, jackal, hyena, 

 wolf. Historic notes. Causes : contagion, inoculation, immunity, contact 

 with sick, clothing, bedding, kennel : infection fixed — little diffusible, dogs 

 at large, chill, domestication, high breeding, special bleeds, shows, public 

 conveyances, vegetable diet, debilitating conditions, catarrhs, change of 

 climate, recurrent attacks, youth, native susceptibility, teething. Microbi- 

 ology : micrococci, bacilli, mixed cultures, Shantyr's observations, Ligni- 

 eres'. Virulent products — all secretions and exudates. Vitality : virus 

 survives drying, freezing, dilution in water. Destroyed by disinfectants; 

 Forms ot distemper : catarrhal, opthalmic, cutaneous, gastro-hepatic, bron- 

 chitic, pulmonary, nervous. Duration 20 to 30 days. Mortality 20 to 70 

 per cent. Prognosis: unpromising conditions. Incubation 4 to 7 days. 

 Symptoms : hyperthermia (103° to 104°), dulness, debility, anorexia, star- 

 ing coat, tremors, seeking warmth, early fatigue, dry burning nose and 

 footpads, irregular temperature, simultaneous congestion of all visible mu- 

 cosae ; respiratory phenomena ; sneezing, congestion of nose, discharge, 

 blocking, snuffling, rubbing, cough, retching, vomiting ; percussion flat- 

 ness in lungs, in islets or along the lower part ; auscultation r&les, wheezing, 

 crepitus, creaking, etc. ; epiphora, swollen eyelids, weeping, photophobia, 

 muco purulent discharge, sticking of lids together, opacities, vesicles, 



