220 Veterinary Medicine. 



and in extreme cases transfusion of blood or a normal salt solu- 

 tion may be resorted to. 



In cats a parallel course of treatment may be pursued,, allow- 

 ance being made for the smaller size of the animal and the great 

 susceptibility of the feline patient to phenol. 



INFECTIOUS BRONCHIAL CATARRH. BENCH-SHOW 



DISTEMPER. 



Under this name Glass describes an affection, milder than the 

 usual distemper, but showing similar lesions and demanding an 

 equivalent treatment. It is not self- limiting the same patient 

 having suffered twice in the same year (an occurrence which is 

 occasionally seen in distemper. The incubation is 3 to 5 days. 

 Diarrhoea is invariably present from the first, and the faeces slimy 

 and at the end of a week slightly bloody. The affection is 

 characterized by the predominance of the digestive disorder, the 

 absence of skin eruption, the free shedding of the hair in long 

 coated animals, the ulceration of the gums, tongue and lips, and 

 the low mortality. 



Bacteriological research must be invoked to determine whether 

 this is only a form of distemper or if it is one of a group of 

 •diseases which have hitherto been known by that name. 



EMPHYSEMATOUS ANTHRAX. 



Definition. Historic note.i. Geographical distribution. Animals sus- 

 ceptible : Young cattle after weaning, sheep, goats, horses, asses and 

 white rats, have local swelling ; dog, cat, pig, bird and man immune. Im- 

 mune animals succumb if injected with lactic acid, or proteous vulgaris, or 

 ■violently exerted (farco-lactic acid). Causes. Bacillus anthracis emphy- 

 sematosa, 3 to lo/i by 5jii, stains violet with iodine, anaerobic, sporulate in 

 living body, hence seen as rod, club, and round, spore. Lives in exudate, 

 not in blood nor on surface. Table comparing with anthrax bacillus. Vi- 

 tality : resists drying, cold, 98° P., weakened by 139°, sterilized by 212° F. 

 for 20 minutes, by strong antiseptics. Lives in dense clay, hard pan, and 

 water logged soils holding little oxygen. Accessory causes : lactic and 

 •other organic acids, overwork, potash salts, alcohol, salt, proteus vulgaris, 

 micrococcus prodigiosa, low condition, debility, plethora, chills, change to 

 warmth, youth, melting snows, freshets, drying of wet lands. Symptoms : 



