226 Veterinary Medicine. 



Fever is a constant condition as the swelling advances and 

 sometimes it precedes the local engorgement. There is erection 

 of the hair, with, it may be, distinct shivering, recurring again 

 and again. Then general stiffness, dulness, prostration, loss of 

 appetite and rumination, accelerated breathing sometimes at- 

 tended by a grunt or moan, cyanosis and rapid pulse. The 

 temperature usually reaches 104° F., and many rise to 109° F. 

 The breathing becomes more and more labored and plaintive, 

 colicy Symptoms may set in, the prostration advances to complete 

 adynamia, the patient can no longer stand, the temperature drops 

 to 100'^ F., or 98° F., and death supervenes in from eight hours 

 to two days from the first sign of illness. 



In some cases the swelling may be invisible because it is situ- 

 ated deeply or it may perhaps be entirely absent, and the con- 

 stitutional symptoms are the only ones observed. 



Diagnosis. From malignant oedema, which it resembles in 

 producing gas and crepitating tumors, emphysematous anthrax 

 is distinguished by the greater length of the microbe, by its forma- 

 tion of spores at the pole and not in the centre of the bacillus, by 

 the more sluggish motions of the germ, by the restriction of the 

 germ to given infected districts instead of being generally diffused 

 as in malignant oedema, by its not attacking man, rabbit, nor 

 pigeon, which are subject to malignant oedema, by its deadly 

 action on mature cattle, which are usually immune from malig- 

 nant oedema, and by the abundant blood extravasation on the 

 swelling. 



From anthrax it is distinguished by the motility of the bacillus, 

 by its polar sporulation and club shape, by its rounded ends, by 

 its absence from the blood in the earlier stages, by the presence 

 of gas and crepitation in the swellings, and by the deadly action 

 of the infection on Guinea pigs, but not on rabbit, man nor 

 pigeon. Anthrax is easily inoculable on a cutaneous sore or in- 

 travenously, whereas emphysematous anthrax is not. 



Lesions. The carcass is liable to be bloated with gas and a 

 reddish, frothy liquid often escapes from mouth nose and anus. 

 Gas is particularly abundant in the substance of the tumor, and 

 the skin covering it may be dry and crackling. An incision 

 made into the swelling exposes a mass of blood extravasation 

 and lymph exudate, the blood predominating in the centre so that 

 it may appear clotted and black, and mixed with gas bubbles. 



