Anthrax. 247 



may be named venesection (Rodet) or its counterpart anaemia, 

 the presence in the blood of inert powders — ^precipitates (Bar- 

 dach) , fatigue — sarco-lactic acid (Charrin and Roger) , starvation 

 — dyspepsia (Canalis and Morpurgo), privation of water (Per- 

 nice and AUesi) , the products of previous or coincident illness 

 (Galtier). 



The pig, infested by ingestion, suffers especially from pharyn- 

 geal and intestinal anthrax. There is marked swelling of the 

 throat with stiffness, dysphagia, champing of the jaws, salivation, 

 frothing about the lips tinged with blood, dark, violet discolora- 

 tion or ulceration of the fauces and tonsils, retching, vomiting, 

 hoarseness of grunt, extension of the swelling to the face, with 

 petechial spots and patches, diarrhoea with frothy or bloody faeces, 

 great muscular weakness, a disposition to lie, it may be actual 

 paraplegia, with the usual accompaniments of hyperthermia, con- 

 stitutional disorder, cyanosed, or dusky brown, reddish or yel- 

 lowish mucosae, and the black, incoaguable blood, with destruc- 

 tion of the red globules. 



Anthrax in Dogs. Symptoms. In the outbreak at Swines- 

 head, I/incolnshire, in which the pigs suffered, one shepherd dog 

 contracted the disease from eating the carcasses. It took the 

 pharyngeal and intestinal form, with dysphagia, vomiting, bloody 

 diarrhoea and high fever. Straus found that young puppies were 

 very susceptible and old dogs refactory probably because of flesh 

 diet and exposure. The excision of the spleen encreased the 

 susceptibility to 76 per cent, instead of 20 per cent. (Bardach). 

 Cornevin saw 5 dogs die the same niglit out of 7 that ate from an 

 anthrax carcass. Much depends on the previous exposure and 

 existing condition of the dog. 



Cats have been observed to suffer under similar conditions. At 

 Geneseo in 1877 I found that a cat and three young horses died 

 from licking the blood from a stoneboat on which an anthrax 

 hide had been carried. 



Anthrax in Birds. Symptom,s. Birds (chickens) are natur- 

 ally less susceptible than swine, yet they succumb readily to 

 inoculation, when the body has been cooled by partial immersion 

 in cold water. Caplewsky found that, apart from artificial 

 chilling, young pigeons of certain breeds were easily infected, 

 and CEmler successfully inoculated small birds, sparrows, finches, 



