Glanders. 283 



mental inoculations have uniformly failed to produce the disease. 

 Exceptions must be made when inoculation is made into the aqueous 

 humor, in which there is comparatively little resistance by leuco- 

 cytes. Sacharoff succeeded in giving the disease in a fatal form 

 to a young pig in this way. To weak and debilitated pigs, on 

 the other hand, the disease may be conveyed as shown by Spinola, 

 and Cadeac and Malet. The symptoms were engorgement of the 

 tissues in the seat of inoculation with the formation of glanderous 

 nodules, which undergo molecular degeneration and ulceration ; 

 swelling of the lymph vessels extending from the infected point, 

 and of the adjacent lymph glands ; the formation of glander 

 nodules in the lungs, liver and spleen, and of nodules and ulcers 

 on the nasal mucosa. 



GLANDERS IN SHEEP AND GOAT. 



Casual glanders is uncommon in the small ruminants, yet it 

 has been seen in goats that fed on the soiled provender left by 

 glandered horses (Ercolani, Trasbot, Mesnard). Sheep have 

 suffered after inoculation (Renault, Bouley, Gerlach, Bollinger, 

 Croker, Peuch, Galtier) showing nodules and ulcerous swellings 

 in the seat of inoculation, with extension in some cases to the 

 nasal mucosa and lungs, and a fatal result. In other cases the 

 lesions remain localized and the disease progresses to recovery. 



GI.ANDERS OF RODENTS : RABBIT, GUINEA-PIG, MOUSE, RAT. 



The guinea-pig is especially susceptible, and like the rabbit 

 and mouse may contract the disease by eating the soiled fodder 

 of glandered horses. It is usually selected for inoculation for 

 diagnostic purposes, because in the male, the insertion of the 

 virus in the peritoneum determines a rapid swelling of the testicle 

 and cord, with a glistening, violet engorgement and tension of 

 the scrotum, suppurative adenitis and death in three to six days. 

 In other situations the inoculated part swells rapidly and ulcerates, 

 the adjacent lymph glands become swollen and tender, similar 

 lesions form in other parts and notably in the nose which dis- 

 charges profusely a whitish, sticky fluid, the breathing is hurried, 

 and emaciation is marked. Death occurs in a few days and ulcers, 

 and abscesses are found in the lungs and other internal organs, 

 as well as in the nose. In less susceptible subjects or under 

 smaller doses of the virus the local swelling and ulceration in the 



