364 Veterinary Medicine. 



inside of the lips, and cheeks, or on the palate and tongue, with, 

 in many cases, a congested areola, but showing no nodule as in 

 variola. These bullae may extend to the muzzle, pituitary mem- 

 brane or pharynx. They burst very soon after their formation, 

 exposing a red base of inflamed corium, with a clearly rounded 

 margin, or,, at first, with shreds of the torn epithelial covering. 

 The salivation now becomes more profuse, glairy and even 

 bloody, and there is more active movement of the tongue. When 

 the bullae have been confluent there are formed extensive red 

 patches denuded of epithelium, and the suffering causes a com- 

 plete but temporary dysphagia. The renewal of the epithelium, 

 however, takes place promptly and may be well advanced in four 

 or five days. Upon the teats the" bullae appear at about the same 

 time but are usually smaller than the buccal, and do not show the 

 thickened base of cow pox. They burst in 36 to 48 hours unless 

 broken earlier by the hands of the milker, forming sores com- 

 parable to those of the mouth, which are liable to be kept up by 

 the necessary manipulations in milking. 



Upon the feet the eruption shows especially in the interdigital 

 space, at first as vesicles smaller than those of the mouth and 

 teats, leaving erosions and ulcers which extend under the adjacent 

 horn, and upward on the front and back of the pastern. From 

 exposure to mud and filth these are liable to be kept up even 

 longer than those of the mouth and teats, and under neglect the 

 entire hoof is often shed. In sheep and swine the disease may be 

 localized almost exclusively in the feet. Sheep will even walk on 

 the knees. 



In young animals and those fed on the milk, the eruption may 

 take place on the intestinal mucosa with violent congestion, diar- 

 rhoea and a fatal issue. Aggravated cases may show gangrenous 

 mammitis or abortions. 



Mortality and Prognosis. While there are seasons of special 

 pathogenic severity, yet as a rule, the foot and mouth disease is 

 a -mild affection and unless neglected, the patients entirely re- 

 cover in about fifteen days. The pecuniarj' loss in dairy and 

 feeding cattle has been found to average in Great Britain about 

 f 10 per head, and as few animals escape, the consequences are 

 usually very serious. In England the losses from this disease in 

 1883 reached $5,000,000, in France, those of 1871 were $7,500,000 



