^y6 Veterinary Medicine. 



Lesions. If the course of the disease has been short, followed 

 by an early death, the carcass -may be full and rounded, but if the 

 animal has been sick for five or six days there is marked loss of 

 condition and weight — emaciation. As after any other affection oc- 

 curring during very hot weather, decomposition sets in early, though 

 not quite so speedily as in anthrax, in which the subject dies full 

 of rich blood. Something, too, depends on the condition at 

 death, putrefaction being manifestly slower in protracted and de- 

 bilitated cases. The color of the skin, the mucosae and normally 

 white tissues varies in the same way. As it has been largely 

 seen in our northern States (and Australia) in fat cattle, which 

 contracted the disease in railway cars, cattle markets, or dealers' 

 or butchers' parks, etc., the deep orange hue of the white tissues 

 is one of the most marked features, and even the muscles have a 

 deep mahogany yellow hue. In poor milch cows and stock cattle 

 in the South, on the other hand, the icteric hue is often conspicu- 

 ous by its absence. Cattle killed early for experimental pur- 

 poses may also show less icterus. The color appears to be influ- 

 enced largely by the abundance of red globules in the blood when 

 the animal was attacked, by the rapid destruction of these 

 globules, and the saturation of the blood and tissues with haemo- 

 globin in solution. The presence of ticks on the skin, especially 

 along the ventral aspect, inside of the thighs, on the scrotum, 

 udder or perineum, sufficiently explains the number of minute 

 infiltrations into the derma, the oozing of blood or serum, and the 

 matting of the hairs into little tufts. 



The pale, watery condition of the blood was recognized as one of 

 the most constant features in 1868, together with the disappear- 

 ance of the red glubules. The clot is remarkably soft and, at the 

 crisis of the disease, the serum is of a reddish hue by reason of 

 the haemogoblin in solution. When, however, the urine is no 

 longer stained, the haemoglobin having been eliminated, the 

 serum assumes its normal pale atnber hue. For the first counting 

 of the red globules in this disease we are indebted to the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry. The average count in healthy cattle ap- 

 proximated to 6,000,000 per mm. of blood, and in three days this 

 would descend to 4,000,000, 3,000,000, 2,000,000 or even 1,183,- 

 000. The rates of decrease was ^ to ^ of the entire number in 

 one day. In case of recovery the repair of the red globules was 



