Protozoan Cattle Fever. Texas Fever. Paludisvt of Cattle. 60 1 



and that the absence of bovine victims will doom the new-born 

 larva to an arrest of development, so that further indefinite de- 

 lay may be entailed, we have abundant explanation of the fre- 

 C[uently delayed evolution of symptoms. Yet in general terms 

 the apparent prolongation of incubation is due to fortuitous cir- 

 cumstances which delay the infection, and not to any actual ex- 

 tension of the incubation itself. 



Symptoms of Acute Type. Cattle infected outside the area of 

 habitual prevalence and stock from non-infected districts, con- 

 veyed into the infected ones in hot weathpr, usually contract the 

 disease in its acute and fatal form. The period of the year is 

 often significant, a number of animals being attacked at once in 

 the hot dry period of late summer or autumn — July to September 

 in North America, February to May in Argentina. 



The first symptom is a rise of temperature, and this may last 

 two or even three days before other morbid phenomena are 

 noticed. It may rise to 104° F. in the first day and later to 107°, 

 108° or 109°. The more acute the Case and the hotter the 

 weather the greater the rise. The highest records are obtained 

 late in the day, the lowest in the morning. The temperature 

 often rises for two to four days, and then suddenly drops with the 

 occurrence of collapse and imminent death. While the thermo- 

 meter is of the highest value in taking the temperature, yet the 

 extraordinary hyperthermia is easily detected by grasping the root 

 of the horn or ear, or by feeling the nose, feet, anus or lips of the 

 vulva. 



After 2 or 3 days the respirations become accelerated to 60 to 

 100 per minute, and the pulse to 90 to 100 or more. There is com- 

 plete loss of appetite and rumination after the development of 

 these symptoms, the mouth is hot and it may be dry, the muzzle 

 dry, the head pendant, the eyes dull or semiclosed and congested 

 (usually icteric), the bowels confined, to be relaxed again as the 

 fever subsides. A disposition to stand or lie dowp in water has 

 been frequently noted. Nervous symptoms are usually present. 

 The extreme dulness, languor, and apathy, the drooping head 

 and ears, the unsteadiness of the support the animal staggering 

 or propping himself up by spreading all four limbs, and the 

 tendency to assume and retain a recuinbent position, are marked 

 phenomena in our domesticated northern cattle. The paresis 



