Paludism in Dogs, etc. 625 



Texas fever. There were but 2,800,000 red globules in a cubic 

 millimetre of blood. 



The injection of 5 grammes of the blood into the jugular of 

 an aged bitch caused in the 3d day hyperthermia (105° F.) and 

 an extensive invasion of the red globules which still counted 

 6,100,000 per mm. On the 4th day the animal was thoroughly 

 prostrated, refused to eat, had hsemoglobinuria, and many indi- 

 vidual red globules enclosed from 4 to 8 hsematozoa each. On 

 the 5th day the count of the red globules was about 4,400,000 per 

 mm. By the 6th day the urine was nearly normal, and appetite 

 returned, but the red globules counted but 3,500,000 per mm. 

 Menveux went to Pas de Calais with an Irish setter to hunt 

 rabbits. The dog came in every night covered with ticks. In 

 5 days he sickened, with extreme prostration, diarrhoea and red 

 urine and died on the 25th day. 



Wm. Robertson describes the disease in Cape Colony. The 

 piroplasma was first identified at Grahamstown by Purves and suc- 

 cessfully inoculated by Spreul. By intravenous inoculation 

 symptoms appeared on the fourth day and death followed about 

 the sixth, while by subcutaneous inoculation the course was 

 slower and the animal died about the eleventh day. Robertson 

 inoculating from animal to animal carried it through a succes- 

 sion of thirteen dogs, all of which perished. He found the 

 blood to be infecting on the third day after inoculation subcutem, 

 and the globules invaded on the fourth. They were especially 

 numerous in blood taken from the spleen. 



Microbiology. The protozoon resembles that of Texas fever, 

 but is larger, longer, less pyriform, and more like an oat seed, 

 staining slightly in the centre which shows one clear spot, and more 

 deeply at two or three places in the margin. It stains well with 

 carbol thionin blue or methylene blue, but not readily with 

 haematoxylin. The dog's blood, containing abundance of para- 

 sites, failed to infect horse, sheep, ox, cat, fowl, Guinea pig, 

 rabbit, rat or mouse (Robertson). 



Robertson found the ticks on every affected dog which had 



contracted the disease by simple exposure and which came under 



his observation. Specimens sent to Neuman were identified as 



Hsemaphysalis I,eachi. Mature ticks from an infected dog were 



40 



