Surra : Rot. 637 



are greater, emaciation is more marked, cedema of the limbs or 

 body more extensive, hyperthermia may reach 105° or more, the 

 pulse is weaker and the heart more liable to palpitation, and the 

 respirations may reach 50 or 60 per minute. Yet in sparely built 

 animals dropsy may be entirely absent ( Steel) . Steel often found 

 superficial, circumscribed ulcers on the tongue, inner sides of the 

 lips, nose, eye, or vulva, beginning as epithelial degeneration, 

 followed by superficial erosion and early healing. Sometimes, 

 similar erosions appeared on the skin. Generative excitement . 

 may be present, the mare appears to be in heat, while the horse 

 has erectionSj which are supposed to depend directly on the im- 

 ^pliCation of the generative centre in the lumbar myelon. The 

 ^ubrnaxillary glands sometimes swell and even suppurate and dis- 

 'chaffge a gluey pus (Grjffith Evans). The bowels are usually 

 cosff^e at first, the faeces may be glazed, but in advanced stages 

 they becorne- sof t, pUltaceous and foetid. The urine at first 

 normal in amount, becomes later abundant or even profuse 

 (Griffith Evans, Ranking, Nariman and Vaz, I,ingard). It is 

 at first yellow and turbid, later of a. dingy green or greenish yel- 

 low. Sometimes it diminishes as the disease advances. It may 

 contain bile, albumen, or even casts (G. H. Evans), though 

 the latter appear to be exceptional. The reaction varies, sugar 

 is absent, and the parasite has not been found in it. Appetite 

 though interfered with during the paroxysms, remains fair or 

 even voracious in the intervals and the animals may eat to the 

 last (Burke). Thirst usually encreases with the advance of the 

 disease, in keeping with the free urinary secretion. Rumbling 

 and gurgling of the bowels are common and even tympany at 

 times (lyingard). 



In the advanced stages the picture is one of great anaemia, 

 marasmus and general debility. When moved the animal will 

 stumble over the slightest obstacle, even the litter, recovering 

 himself with effort and difficulty. If he shopld fall he is liable to 

 remain down indefinitely, the side next the ground becoming 

 drenched with sweat though there is no general perspiration. 

 The hair becomes encreasingly dry, withered and erect, the skin 

 dry, powdery, rigid and more and more firmly adherent to the 

 " bones and muscles, losing all its natural pliancy and mellowness, 

 and becoming like that of a dead animal. It is bloodless, and 



