LUNG PRAGUE OF CATTLE. 



Synonyms. Definition : infectious, cattle fever, with long incubation, in- 

 sidious onset, excessive pulmonary exudation, infarctions and sequestra. 

 History : ancient, modern ; England, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, United 

 States, — its extinction in 1887 to 1892 — Massachusetts, New Jersey, S Africa, 

 Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand. Causes : contagion only. Bacteriolo- 

 gy : Nocard's organism cultivated in collodion capsules in vivo, as activelj 

 motile refrangent points, morphology uncertain. Modes of transmission, 

 -exhalations from sick inhaled by susceptible, ingestion of infected food, 

 pastures, watering troughs, ponds, commingling of herds, attendants, deal- 

 ers' stables, manure, unrestricted commerce, convalescent cattle, breed, hot 

 reasons. Lesions : profuse exudation in lymph net- worksof lungs, marbling, 

 parenchymatous cell proliferation, compression and grangrene of lobulets, 

 Ihrombi, sequestra, infarction, fibroid sac, or stalactite like fibrrid peribron- 

 chial formations, .hepatization , pleural effusions and false membranes, peri- 

 cardial, bronchial, lymph glands congested. Incubation : 6 to 30 days, pro- 

 tracted cases, bearing on quarantine. Symptoms : conditions affecting 

 gravity, breed, excitement, heat, chill, susceptibility, usually insidious, in- 

 frequent cough, roused by cold water, dusty food, exertion, etc., hurried 

 ■breathing when driven, slight auscultation rUlep, hyperthermia (103° to 108° 

 F. ),du1ness, anorexia, suppression of milk, stiffness, no pandiculation, 

 •troubled breathing, auscultation, and percussion signs of extensive consoli- 

 dation, tenderness of chest walls, in bad cafes stands obstinately, head ex- 

 tended, mouth open, tongue protruded, grunts with expiration, heavy breath, 

 nostrils dilated, nasal and buccal discharge, rapid emaciation, foetid diar- 

 rhoea, erect hair, pale, scurffy, adherent skin, varied chest rS.les, abortion. 

 Mild in winter, severe in summer. Loss of one-third or one-half weight in 

 -one week. Chronic cases, fibroid and necrotic changes, sequestra. Diag- 

 nosis : Anamnesis, inoculation : from tuberculosis by high fever, rapid, ex- 

 tensive infiltration, early .succession of new cases, failure to react under tu- 

 berculin, absence of tubercles ; from bronchitis ax^A pulmonary strongylosis, 

 ^a•J the succession of cases in place of many at once, the exten.sive exuda- 

 tion, the evident cause (exposure or infected place), and by the lesions; 

 irova fibrinous pneumonia, by absence of climatic cause, the more extensive 

 <;onsolidation, more troubled breathing, and coexistence of old and recent 

 lesions : from infectious pneumonia by the greater area consolidated, more 

 exalted hyperthermia, more marked dyspnoea, the absence of white points 

 of alveolar cell proliferation, and by the old and recent lesions ; from septi- 

 .coemia hsemorrhagica, by its occurrence at all seasons, on all soils, by the 

 absence of sanguineous swellings at other parts, by the absence of cocco- 

 bacillus from the exudate, and by its non-inoculability on sheep, horses, 

 pigs and rodents ; from needle in pericaridium, by its epizootic prevalence, 

 •fever, and the absence of preliminary gastric and later cardiac, morbid phe- 



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