Internal Invasions by Bacillus Necrophorus. 691 



(Mettam, Edelmann ) ; in the lungs of horses (McFadyean, 

 Nielsen, Caudwell) ; in the heart (Bang, Mohler) ; in the spleen 

 (Jensen, Georgewitsch) ; and in the voluntary muscles (Mohler, 

 Caudwell). In a number of cases these internal colonies wei-e 

 referred to their primary locations or entrance channels in the 

 feet, umbilicus, skin or other superficial part. 



The microbe has been found in necrotic stomatitis in calves, and 

 pigs (Mohler), andm lambs (Damman, I^offler, Diem). Also in 

 lesions of diphtheria of birds (Ritter, Jensen, I^eth). 



The ulcerative ano-vulvitis , and necrotic vaginitis and metritis 

 appear to have furnished the microorganism (Mohler, EUinger). 

 It has been found in necrotic om.phalo -phlebitis in the young as 

 well as in its sequelae, hepatic and pulmonary nodules, and 

 arthritis (McFadyean, Jensen, Olt, Mettam, etc.). It is some- 

 times present in the deeper layers of the necrotic ulcers of hog 

 cholera (Schutz, Bang, Jensen, Th. Smith, Mohler). Among 

 superficial necrotic lesions in the horse the microbe has been 

 found in quittor (Bang, Gutenacker), in necrotic dermatitis 

 (Frohner, Davis) and necrotic scratches (Bang, Hell), and in 

 necrotic turbinated bodies (Cadiot). 



It is impossible, however, to accept all' of these as the result of 

 the same unmodified organism. Necrotic stomatitis has followed 

 foot-rot in the same place but far more commonly foot-rot in 

 sheep will prevail without entailing any of these other forms, 

 and the same is true of omphalitis ; ano-vulvitis, and enzootic 

 quittor. Under such circumstances each form spreads in the 

 genus affected and_ largely or exclusiively confines itself to the 

 organ or organs which give the disease its name, without show- 

 ing the disposition to attack other genera and organs. The dif- 

 ferent forms of the germ may own a common origin, as do the 

 different types of bacillus tuberculosis, or the different Pasteur- 

 ellas, but it is evident that in such a case they acquire new habits 

 in other environments, and that, in most outbreaks, the main 

 danger is along the narrow lines in which the microbe is mani- 

 festing its virulence at that time and in that place. Ano-vulvitis 

 does not seriously threaten* an outbreak of foot-rot, nor does 

 omphalitis determine fowl-diphtheria. For clinical uses we can 

 consider each different outbreak affecting but one genus and one 

 set of organs, as a special morbid entity, to be dealt with accord- 

 ing to its own special habits. See Contagious Foot Rot, p. loi. 



