Trees, Shrubs and Vines 



(unnaturalized) and the native (extra-limital) species 

 in Central Park. 



In trees, the leaf affords the principal basis of 

 arrangement, and the flower is secondary ; but, for the 

 still easier identification of the numerous ornamental 

 flowering trees, a second Key is added, to serve in the 

 flowering season. 



Shrubs, having in general less distinctive foliage than 

 trees, very often require the flower for absolute cer- 

 tainty : the blossom, therefore, affords the principal basis 

 in the grouping of this section, with a second Key based 

 only upon the leaf, wherein over a third of the shrubs 

 are traceable to groups of only from two to twelve, so 

 that most of them can be determined without the flower. 



Vines are grouped primarily according to their method 

 of growth, as, trailing on the ground, twining, climbing 

 by tendrils, or climbing by rootlets, and are further 

 subdivided according to differences of leaf and flower. 



It is the prominent part of the flower — the corolla — 

 that is emphasized, the minuter parts — calyx, stamens, 

 and pistil — having much less importance in this scheme 

 and all that is needful to understand of flower-structure 

 is fully explained at the end of the work, and can be 

 learned in an hour's time. For conciseness a few simple 

 technical terms are used, which are either self-explana- 

 tory or are fully defined. The aim throughout has been 

 to reduce the brain-effort of the student to a minimum. 

 In addition to this more formal part, are several chapters 

 designed to bring the matter home to the reader in a 

 more intimate and attractive way, roaming at will wher- 

 ever the vista proves inviting, now with the atmosphere 



i6 



