Cottager and Smallholder 



27 



For this purpose one of two subjugators is used, a smoker, 

 *ig. 39, which IS a tin cylinder having a conical nozzle 

 open at the pointed end, and fastened to a pair of bellows with 

 a connection at the back. Brown paper, rag, or fustian is 

 rolled into a cartridge, lighted, and placed in the smoker 

 barrel with the hghted end down ; then by working the bellows 

 a volume of smoke issues from the nozzle, which can be driven 

 in any du-ection. Or a carbohc cloth may be usedj this is made 

 by sprinkling a piece of calico the size of the top of the brood 

 chamber with a solution of one part Calvert's No. 5 carbolic 

 acid m two parts of water. It should be rolled up, and 

 when not in use, stored in an air-tight tin to retain its 



Fig. 39. 



strength. The smell of smoke driven into the hive, or the 

 fumes from the carbolic cloth laid over the top of the frames 

 after removing the quilt, gives the desired effect. 



When manipulating, a bee veil. Fig. 40, should always be 

 worn, but gloves should not be used, as they tend to make 

 the operator clumsy. The bees should be properly subdued 

 before commencing operations. If they get restless before the 

 work in hand is finished a little more smoke should be given, 

 or the carbolic cloth applied again. 



Never stand in front of the hive to manipulate, or the 

 bees will be hindered in their work, become angry 

 and sting. When handling or turning the combs, keep them 

 on edge by four movements, shown in Fig. 41. If held flat 

 in warm weather the comb may break down. Bright warm 

 weather should be chosen for opening hives, as then the bees aje 

 in a good temper. If opened when cold or wet weather 

 prevails the brood will be chilled and the bees made vicious. 



