Faunal Areas q 



and up on the coast, as far north as the vicinity of Boston Bay, 

 beyond which, Cape Ann seems to afford an effectual barrier. It 

 must be stated, however, that north of the south shore of Bristol 

 County, the occurrence of birds characteristic of this zone, is, in 

 the main, irregular and uncertain, if not often accidental. The 

 following twelve Upper Austral birds have been ascertained to 

 breed in the State in the general areas named in connection with 

 each, but where only a single instance of breeding is known, the 

 locality is specified : — 



Porzana famaicensis, Chatham Gallinula galeata, Berkshire Valle3'S 

 and along the coast into Middlesex Co. Kmpidonax acadicus, Hyde Park. 

 Stelgidofteryx serripennis^ North Adams. Vireo noveboracensis, soxithern 

 Berkshire Co., and along the coast into Essex Co. Mimus folyglottos, 

 Conn, valley of southern Hampden Co., southern Bristol Co., and along 

 the coast into Middlesex Co. Icteria virens, valleys of Berkshire Co., 

 Bristol Co., and along the coast into Essex Co. Siurus motacilla, Sheffield. 

 Sfiza americana, formerly in Berkshire Valleys and along the coast into 

 Middlesex Co. Icterus sfurius, Berkshire Valleys, Conn, valley in 

 Hampden Co., and' along the coast .into Middlesex Co. Cardiualis 

 cardinalis^ Cambridge. AminodramuR 7nariiimiis, Westport. 



The following eight species, characteristic of the Upper 

 Austral zone have been found in Massachusetts during the 

 breeding season, under such circumstances as to suggest the 

 probability of their breeding in the State, even though no nests 

 were found : — 



Sterna maxima, Rynchops nigra, Nycticorax violaceus, Corvus osfifra- 

 gus, Polioptila ccerulea, Thryotkorus ludoviciatius, Wilsonia mitrata, 

 Protonotaria ciirea. 



In addition, the following nineteen Upper Austral birds have 

 " been recorded as stragglers or occasional visitors to the State : — 



Rallus elegans, Pallus crepitans, lonornis martiiiica, Hcematofus pal- 

 liatus, Himantofus mexica7ius, Recurvirostra americana, Ardea egretta, 

 Ardea ccerulea, Ardea candidissima , Catharista urubu, Cathartes aura, 

 Elandides forficatus, Strix pratincola, Melanerfes carolinus, Dendrceca 

 vara, Helminthophila fiiius, Helmitkerus vermivortis, Piranga rubra, 

 Gttiraca ccerulea,. 



Transition : This zone covers the greater part of Massachu- 

 setts, including most of the territory up to about 2000 feel on the 

 hills and mountains of the western part of the State and exclusive 



