76 MAKING HORTICULTURE PAY 



same as the standards. It is usual to cut off one- 

 half to two-thirds of the annual growth except on 

 fruit-bearing spurs; surplus shoots should also be 

 removed. 



Among the many varieties listed by nurserymen, 

 the following are considered superior : Tyson, 

 Summer Doyenne, Clapp, and Bartlett. These will 

 cover the season in western New York from about 

 August I to the middle of September. 



Autumn— Boussock, Flemish Beauty, Buffum, 

 Howell, Louise Bonne, Seckel, Duchess, and Shel- 

 don. These carry on the season from mid-Septem- 

 ber until about mid-November. 



Winter — Anjou, Clairgeau, Lawrence, Bosc, and 

 Winter Nellis. These will carry the season until 

 after Christmas with ordinary storage. 



For market, Bartlett, Howell, Anjou, and Law- 

 rence are perhaps the most generally profitable. 



RENOVATING UNPROFITABLE PEAR 

 TREES 



" Do not cut down a pear tree unless trees are 

 growing too near together," says F. Coombs of 

 Berkshire county, Massachusetts. " Apple trees 

 have their day, and the time comes when they 

 should be removed, but pears are long-lived. They 

 are good for generations, and will bear fine fruit if 

 rightly treated. 



" Take a look at the tree you contemplate re- 

 moving. If its top runs up slim and spindling, cut 

 it down a few feet, more or less. Next with a turf 

 spade cut a circle around the tree as far as branches 

 extend, being careful not to injure the roots of the 

 tree. Remove turf to a width of 3 to 5 feet. Shake 

 out all the loam from the grass roots and cast the 



