106 MAKING HORTICULTURE PAY 



also root from the tips. The stems of the black 

 varieties, if allowed to grow full length, will take 

 root at their tips. These two characteristics of the 

 plant suggest methods of propagation ; new black- 

 berry and red and white raspberry plants are 

 secured by digging up the suckers and planting 

 them where desired. New plants of black rasp- 

 berries are secured by insuring the rooting of the 

 cane tips, during the latter part of summer and 

 transplanting these new plants. 



As soon as the canes have reached a height of 18 

 inches to 2 feet, they may be pinched to prevent 

 their growing taller, to make them stouter, and to 



make them develop side 

 shoots, which should 

 also be pinched back 

 when they have grown 

 a foot or 15 inches long. 

 This practice obviates 

 blackcaps pruned the necessity of stak- 



ing. Four or five canes 

 are enough to allow grow each year in the hill. 

 Usually red and white varieties are planted about 

 4 feet apart and the blackcaps 5 or 6 each way. 

 Sometimes, however, they are planted 3 feet apart 

 in the row, or even closer, but then 6 or 7 feet be- 

 tween rows. The plantation properly managed will 

 continue in profitable bearing for five or six years, 

 when it is usually best to start a new plantation, 

 because the fruit is likely to become small and the 

 crop light. 



Among the well-known varieties are Brandywine, 

 Cuthbert, Loudon, Marlborough, Miller, and Tur- 

 ner. The two best known yellow sorts are Caro- 

 line, and Golden Queen. Among the purple sorts 

 are Columbian and Shaffer. Perhaps the best 



