74 ATIIEEINID-E. 



spines ; second dorsal and anal fins opposite each other. Ventral 

 fins inserted at a considerable distance behind the base of the pectorals. 

 Vertebrae 43 to 56. 



Seas of nearly the whole world, except the Arctic and Antarctic 

 Regions. Four species are on record from fresh waters in Africa : — 



T. First clorsal widely separated from second. 

 D. VI- VIII, I 11-13 ; A. I 12-13 ; 43-49 scales 



in longitudinal series 1. .4. mochon, C. & V., p. 74. 



D. VI, I 9 ; A. I IG ; 40 scales in longitudinal [p- 70. 



series 2. A. gabonensis, H. W. Fowl., 



II. First dorsal narrowly separated from second. 

 D. VII, I 15 ; A. I IC ; 38 scales in longitudinal 



series . . . 3. xl. sikorce, Sauv., p. 7G. 



D. VI, I 10-12 ; A. I 14-lG ; 38-42 scales in [p. 70. 



longitudinal series 4. . I . alaotrensis, Pellegr., 



1. ATHERINA MOCHON. 



Atlierina liepsetus, var., Uelaroche, Ann. Mus. xiii. 1809, p. 358. 



Atlienna mocJion, Guv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. x. ji. 434, pi. ccciv. fig. 1 (1835) ; 



Guichen. Explor, Alg., Poiss. p. 67 (1850) ; Giinth. Cat. Fish. iii. p. 390 



(1861) ; Steind. Sitzb. Ak. Wien, Ivii. i. 1868, p. 678 ; (Viestr. Faun. 



d'ltal., Pesci, p. 116 (1874) ; Moreaii, Poiss. France, iii. p. 209 (1881) ; 



Marion, Ann. Mus. Marseille, Zool. iv. 1891, p. 94; Lonnb. Bih. Svensk. 



Vet.-Ak. Handl. xxvi. iv. 1900, no. 8, p. 8 ; Bouleng. Fisb. Nile, p. 423, fig. 



(1907). 

 Atlierina risso, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 435 ; PlayL & Letourn. Ann. & Mag. N. H. 



(4) viii. 1871, p. 387 ; Moreau, t. c. p. 210 ; Borsieri, Zool. Anz. 1902, 



p. 599, and Contr. Con. Sp. Eur. Atlierina, p. 47, pi. x. (1904). 

 Atlierina sarda, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 435. 

 Atherina lacustris, Bonap. Icon. Faun. Ital., Pesci, pi. — , fig. 3 (1836) ; Martens, 



Arch. £. Naturg. xxiii. 1857, p. 167, pi. ix. figs. 1 & 2 ; Giinth. t. c. p. 394 ; 



Canestr. op. cit. p. 9 ; Roule, C. R. Ac. Sci. cxxxvi. 1903, p. 824 ; H. W. 



Fowler, Proc. Ac. Philad. Iv. 1904, p. 727. 

 Atherina casjva, Eichw. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1838, p. 136, and Faun. Casp.- 



Cauc. p. 163, pi. xxxiii. figs. 1 & 2 (1841). 

 Atlierina pontica, Eichw. 11. cc. pp. 137, 164, pi. xxxiii. figs. 3 & 4 ; Kessl. Trud. 



St. Petersb. Obshch. Estest. v. 1874, p. 296. 

 Atlienna boieri (non Risso), Deperet, Bull. Soc. PI. N. Toulouse, xvii. 1883, p. 82. 

 Atlienna hijalosoma (Cocco), Facciola, Nat. Sicil. iv. 1885, p. 239. 

 Atlierina riqueti, Roule, Zool. Anz. 1902, p. 262, fig., C. R. Ac. Sci. cxxxvi. 1903, 



p. 824, and cxxxvii. 1903, p. 1276. 

 Atherina sardinella, H. VC. Fowler, t. c. p. 729, pi. xli. 



