CONTENTS. Xi 



V. 



PAGE 



Natural Selection; or, the Survival of the Fittest. 

 An Invented Hypothesis . . . . . .93 



How far the Theory may be extended .... 94 



Is there any Limit to what Selection can effect ? . . .96 



Has Organization advanced ? . . . . .97 



A Higher Workmanship than Man's . . . . .99 



Why Habits and Structure are not in Agreement . . 102 



No Modification in one Species designed for the Good of Another , 103 

 Illustrations of the Action of Natural Selection . . . 106 



Divergence of Character ...... 108 



Evolution of the Human Eye . . . . .110 



VI. 



Geographical Distribution of Organic Beings. 



Isolated Continents never were united . . . .115 



Means of Dispersal , . . ■ . .116 



These Means of Transport not accidental . . . .118 



Dispersal during the Glacial Period . . . .119 



The Theory of Creation inadequate . . . . .122 



Causes of a Glacial Climate . . . . .123 



Difficulties not yet removed ...... 124 



Identity of the Species of Islands with those of the Mainland ex- 

 plained only by this Theory . . . . .128 



VII. 



Evidence of the Descent of Man from some Lower Form. 



Points of Correspondence between Man and the other Animals . 129 

 The facts of Embryology and the Theory of Development . v 131 



Two Principles that explain the Facts .... 134 



Embryology against Abrupt Changes .... 135 

 Rudimentary Organs only to be explained on the Theory of De- 

 velopment . . . ■ • ■ .137 

 " No other Explanation has ever been given " . . .139 

 tJnity of Type explained by Relationship . . . .140 

 Inexplicable on the Ordinary View of Creation . . .142 

 Descent with Modification the only Explanation . . .148 



