286 DARWINISM STATED BT DARWIN HIMSELF. 



tent as to project as far as the end of the nose, if this be 

 short. Pouting is generally accompaniei by frowning, 

 and sometimes by the utterance of a booing or whooing 

 noise. This expression is remarkable, as almost the sole 

 one, as far as I know, which is exhibited much more 

 plainly during childhood, at least with Europeans, than 

 during maturity. There is, however, some tendency to 

 the protrusion of the lips with the adults of all races 

 under the influence of great rage. Some children pout 

 when they are shy, and they can then hardly be called 

 sulky. 



p Young orangs and chimpanzees protrude 



their lips to an extraordinary degree, when 

 they are discontented, somewhat angry, or sulky j also 

 when they are surprised, a little frightened, and even- 

 when slightly pleased. Their mouths are protruded ap- 

 parently for the sake of making the various noises proper 

 to these several states of mind ; and its shape, as I ob- 

 served with the chimpanzee, differed slightly when the 

 cry of pleasure and that of anger were uttered. As soon 

 as these animals become enraged, the shape of the mouth 

 wholly changes, and the teeth are exposed. The adult 

 orang when wounded is said to emit "a singular cry, 

 consisting at first of high notes, which at length deepen 

 into a low roar. While giving out the high notes he 

 thrusts out his lips into a funnel shape, but in uttering 

 the low notes he holds his mouth wide open." "With the 

 gorilla, the lower lip is said to be capable of great elonga- 

 tion. If, then, our semi-human progenitors protruded 

 their lips when sulky or a little angered, in the same 

 manner as do the existing anthropoid apes, it is not an 

 anomalous, though a curious fact, that our children 

 should exhibit, when similarly afEected, a trace of the 



