MEANS OF THE EXPRESSION OF THE EMOTIONS. 287 



same expression, together with some tendency to utter 

 a noise. For it is not at all unusual for animals to re- 

 tain, more or less perfectly, during early youth, and sub- 

 sequently to lose, characters which were aboriginally pos- 

 sessed by their adult progenitors, and which are still 

 retained by distinct species, their near relations. 



DECISION AT THE MOUTH. 



p " 236 ■^^ determined man probably erer had an 

 habitually gaping mouth. Hence, also, a 

 small and weak lower jaw, which seems to indicate that 

 the mouth is not habitually and firmly closed, is com- 

 monly thought to be characteristic of feebleness of char- 

 acter. A prolonged effort of any kind, whether of body 

 or mind, implies previous determination; and if it can 

 be shown that the mouth is generally closed with firmness 

 before and during a great and continued exertion of the 

 muscular system, then, through the principle of associa- 

 tion, the mouth would almost certainly be closed as soon 

 as any determined resolution was taken. 



ASTGEE. 



Expression The lips are sometimes protruded during 



tions^ """' ^^S^ ^^ ^ manner the meaning of which I do 

 page 243. not understand, unless it depends on our de- 

 scent from some ape-like animal. Instances have been 

 observed, not only with Europeans, but with the Austra- 

 lians and Hindoos. The lips, however, are much more 

 commonly retracted, the grinning or clinched teeth being 

 thus exposed. This has been noticed by almost every 

 one who has written on expression. The appearance is 

 as if the teeth were uncovered, ready for seizing or tear- 



