48 



HOW PLANTS GKOW. 



136. The shape at the base. This is concerned in all the following sorts : — 



Heart-shaped, or Cordate; when of the shape in whicli a lieart is painted, the 

 base having a recess or notch, as in Fig. 98. 



Kidney-shaped, or Reniform ; like heart-shaped, but rounder, and broader than 

 long, as in Fig. 99. 



Auricled, or Eared ; having a small projection or lobe on each side at the base, 

 like a pair of ears, as in Fig. lOL 



Arrow-shaped, or Arrow-headed ; 

 when such lobes at the base are 



Heart -ahiiped, 

 or cordule. 



Kidney-shaped, 

 or renifoim. 



Halberd-Bhaped, 

 or haelatti. 



pointed and turned backwards, like the base of an arrow-head, as in Fig. 100. 



Halberd-shaped, or Hastate ; when such lobes point outwards, giving the whole 

 blade the shape of the halberd of the olden time, as in Fig. 102. 



Shield-shaped, or Peltate ; \vhen the footstalk is attached to some part of the 

 lower face of the blade, which may be likened to a shield borne by the hand with 

 the arm extended. Fig. 104 represents the shield-shaped leaf of a Water-Penny- 

 wort. Fig. 103 is the leaf of another species, which is not shield-shaped. A 

 comparison of the two shows how the shield- 

 shaped leaf is made. 



137. As to the Apex or Point, we have the 

 following terms, the fii'st six of which apply 

 to the base as well as to the apex of a leaf : — 



Pointed, Taper-pointed, or Acuminate ; 

 narrowed into a tapering tip, as in Fig. 105. 



Acute ; ending in an acute angle. Fig. 106. 



Obtuse ; ending in an obtuse angle, or with a blunt or rounded apex ; as in Fig. 10'^. 



Truncate ; as if cut off square at the apex, as in Fig. 108. 



Round- kidney- shaped. 



Shield-shaped. 



