ANALYSIS OF THE SECTION. 55 



Prickles. 95. Tendrils. 96. Peduncles or i^' lower-stalks. 97. Buds. 98. Branches connected with 

 the ground. 99. Stolons. 100. Runners. 101. Suckers. 102. Ofl'sets. 103. Rootstocks. 104. Fleshy 

 Rootstocks. 105. Tubers. 106. Corms. 107. Bulbs; 108. scaly and coated. 109. Bulblets. 



110. Internal Structure of Stems ; Cellular Tissue; Wood. 111. The two classes of stems. 112. Ex- 

 amples, both in herbs and trees. 113. Endogenous stem; how its wood is arranged. 114. External 

 appearance and growth. 115. Exogenous stem; common wood. 116. How it increases in diameter 

 year after year : Sap-wood and Heart-wood. 117. The latter dead, the former annually renewed. 118. 

 External appea-ance and mode of growth. 



119. Leaves ; their varieties, why useful to learn. 120. Their parts : Blade, Footstalk, Stipules. 

 121. Simple and Compound. 122. Structure and Veining of leaves: woody or fibrous part; cellular 

 tissue or green pulp ; Epidermis or Skin. 123. Ribs 124. Veins and Veinlets; Nerves, so called. 

 125. Two kinds of veining. 126. Netted-veined or Reticulated. 127. Class of plants that have this 

 kind of veining. 128. Parallel-veined or Nerved ; class of plants that have this kind of veining. 

 129. Both kinds of two sorts. 130. Feather-veined or Pinnately veined. 131. Radiate-veined or Pal- 

 mately veined. 



132 Shapes of leaves enumerated; as to general outline. 133. Those that taper downward. 134, 

 135. Intermediate shapes, how expressed. 136. Shapes depending upon the base. 137. Forms of 

 apex. 138. As to margin or toothing, &o. 139. Lobing or division. 140. How this is related to the 

 veining; how both the kind of lobing and the number of parts may be expressed, 141, so that a short 

 phrase will describe the leaf completely. 142. All the various terms apply as well to other parts, as 

 to calyx, corolla, petals, &o. 



143. Compound Leaves ; Leaflets. 144. The two kinds. 145. Pinnate leaves. 146. Palmate or 

 Digitate. 147. Varieties of pinnate leaves. 148. Number of leaflets. 149. Also of palmate leaves ; 

 why their leaflets are generally fewer than those of pinnate leaves. 150. Twice or thrice compound 

 and decompound leaves. 



151. Leaves without distinction of blade and footstalk ; Needle-shaped ; Thread-shaped ; Awl. 

 shaped; Equitant. 152. Stipules; often united with the footstalk, or with each other. 



153. The arrangement of leaves on the stem: the three modes, viz. alternate, opposite, whorled. 



