POPULAR FLORA. 177 



* * Flowers in a terminal loose raceme. 



6. Thtme-leaved S. Smooth and small, 2' to 4' high from a creeping base ; leaves ovate ot oblong, 



the lowest petioled and rounded. Fields, everywhere. V. eerpytli/olia. 



* * * Flowers in the axils of the upper leaves. Boot annual. 



7. Purslane S. or Neckweed. Smooth, branching, erect; lower leaves oval or oblong, toothed, 



and petioled; uppermost oblong-linear, sessile, and entire. Cult, grounds, &c. V.peret/rina. 



8. Corn S. Hairy ; lower leaves ovate, crenate, petioled ; the unper sessile, lance-shaped, and entire. 



Cultivated grounds. V. arvemis. 



Toadflax. Linaria. 



1. Common T. (Butter-and-Eggs, Ramsted). Stems branching, crowded with the pale hnear 



leaves ; flowers crowded in a close raceme, large and showy, pale yellow with the palate orange- 

 colored. A weed in fields and road-sides. L. vulgaris. 



2. Wild T. Stem very slender, simple, with scattered linear leaves; prostrate shoots at the bottom 



with broader leaves ; flowers very small, blue, in a slender raceme. Sandy soil. L. Canadensis. 



Gerardia. Gerdrdia. 

 Plants with large and showy somewhat leafy-raoemed flowers ; the corolla a little irregular, but hardly 

 2-lipped. Stamens woolly or hairy ; the 4 anthers approaching in pairs. Fl. late summer and autumn. 

 * Corolla rose-purple ; calyx bell-shaped, with 5 short teeth : plants low and bushy-branched. 



1. Purple G. Leaves linear, rough-margined ; flowers 1' long, short-stalked. G. purpurea. 



2. Slender G. Leaves linear; flower about i' long, on a long and slender stalk. G. tenuifolia. 



* * Corolla yellow, with a rather long tube, woolly inside : calyx 5-cleft, leaf-like. 



3. Downy G. Stem (3° or 4° high) and oblong or lance-shaped leaves clothed with a fine close down, 



upper leaves entire, lower ones sinuate or pinnatifid. Woods. G.Jlava. 



4. Smooth G. Smooth throughout and glaucous, 3° to 6° high; lower leaves twice pinnatifid, upper 



once pinnatifid or entire. Eich woods. G. quercifdlia. 



5. Cut-leaved G. Rather downy, bushy-branched, 2° or 3° high, very leafy; leaves pinnatifid, the 



crowded divisions cut and toothed. G. pediculiria. 



62. VEBVAIN FAMILY. Order VERBENACE^. 



Herbs or shrubby plants, with opposite leaves, a 2-lipped or unequally 5- (or rarely 4-) 

 lobed corolla, and 4 stamens in pairs (i.e. 2 long and 2 short ones) : the pistil with a single 

 ovary and only one seed in each cell ; the fruit either berry-like with 4 stones, or dry and 

 splitting into 2 or 4 akenes, or in Lopseed consisting of a single akene. This family is in- 

 termediate between the foregoing order and the next. The two following are the com- 

 monest genera. 



Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped. Corolla 2-lipped. Ovary 1-celled, simple. Herb, in woods, 

 with small whitish flowers in slender and loose spikes; the calyx containing 

 the akene, turned down in fruit, (Phryma) Lopseed. 



Calyx tubular, S-toothed. Corolla salver-shaped, with 6 slightly unequal lobes. Flowers 



in spikes or heads, summer and autumn, ( Verbena) Vervain. 



