244 DR. O. FINSCH ON BIRDS FROM NORTH-EASTERN 
I perceived that he had divided my Crateropodes into three species, C. leucopygius, 
C. limbatus, and C. leucocephalus. This struck me as extraordinary, as from observation 
of these birds in the flesh I had mentally classed them in two species, though ignorant 
of their names. The first two I took to be one species, with only differences of 
plumage ascribable to age alone. While preparing these notes the doubt of the three 
species again struck me, and I examined the birds side by side, and finally referred to 
Dr. Finsch’s notes to see what remarks he had made; I there find he has made the 
same observations as I have. Had I entertained a doubt on the subject of C. leuco- 
pygius and C. limbatus being other than one species, I would have brought home a 
larger series; but so certain did I feel of their identity, that, though shooting other 
specimens, I sacrificed them to preserve other species which I considered more valuable 
at the time. All three are similar in their habits and cry, which is very noisy; on 
alarm they fly from one bush to the other in a regular string, and are very annoying, 
as they often give the alarm to game or other birds the sportsman may be in pursuit 
of. —I, J.} 
[Since these notes were written, I have communicated my opinion to Dr. Otto Finsch, 
and have received a letter from him wishing me to record my opinion that C. limbatus 
is a synonym of C. leucopygius.—W. J.| 
87. CRATEROPUS LIMBATUS, Riipp. 
Riipp. Syst. Uebers. pp. 48, 60. no. 202 ; Heugl. Syst. Uebers. no. 288. 
a. 3. Kokai. August 10 (no. 76). 
b. Kokai. August 10 (no. 78). 
A doubtful species, and probably the former (C. lewcopygius) in immature state. 
One specimen has the front white like a supercilium; the head, sides of head, and 
chin are dark brown, with indistinct ashy edgings of the feathers; the rump dirty 
white, like the female of the preceding species. Another specimen shows the whole 
forehead greyish white, passing into brown on the top of the head. Both species are 
of the same size. 
Iris crimson. 
The series in Mr. Jesse’s collection proves that C. limbatus is probably nothing more 
than the young of C. leucopygius. There are intermediate forms with the head partially 
white (front and supercilium in the one, the whole forehead in the other).—0. F. 
88. CRATEROPUS LEUCOCEPHALUS, Riipp. 
Crateropus leucocephalus, Riipp. Atlas, tab. 4; id. Syst. Uebers. p. 60. no. 198: Heugl. Syst. Uebers. 
no. 281. 
a. d. Ain. July 6 (no. 1468). 
6. 2. Ain. July 6 (no. 586). 
c. 3. Waliko. July 21 (no. 510). 
d. 3. Waliko. August 2 (no. 996). 
