CATALOGUE OF VERTEBRATES. 739 



pores much developed; ear bones large; dorsal fia not continuous; 

 air-bladder large, perhaps used in producing peculiar grunting sounds, 

 by squeezing air into lateral horns. 



POGONIAS, Lac. 



(Labrus.) 



P. chromis, L. (fasciatus, Holb.) Big Drum. Banded Drum. 



Grayish silvery, with four to five broad, dark, vertical bars 

 that disappear with age (once considered as two species as to 

 whether " banded " or not ; the young are banded, large examples 

 not) ; body compressed, oblong, with steep profile ; scales large 

 (except on breast) ; pectoral fins large ; head scaly on top ; outline 

 of belly not much curved ; upper jaw longest ; teeth small ; lower 

 pharyngeals united, armed with paved teeth ; lower jaw with 

 short barbels ; second anal spine very large. Dorsal rays, X, 

 I, 20 ; anal rays, II, 6 ; lateral-line scales, 50. Abundant south- 

 ward. Occasionally schools of them raid the planted beds of the 

 oystermen and make sad havoc. 



"Pogoniaa chromis. Big Drum. 



" This is by no means as common as the succeeding species, 

 but is nevertheless not a rare species. They are met with from 

 Sandy Hook to Cape May, during the summer and early autumn. 



" JPogoniaa fasciatus. Banded Drum (young of preceding), 



" This well-known species is abundant in the bays along the 

 coast, and is frequently found on the beach after a storm, killed 

 by the violence of the waves." 



SOI-iENA, L. 



S. chrysura, Lac. (punctata, argyroleucus, Homoprion xanthurus, Bodianus, 

 Perca, Corvina, Bairdiella.) Silver Perch. Yellow-tail, &c. 



Greenish above, silvery below, each scale with a group of dark 

 points in center ; fins plain, caudal yellow ; body robust ; head 

 conical ; preopercle serrated at its angle ; jaws with stout teeth ; 

 region between eyes narrow and normal ; anal fin small and far 

 back; pectorals short, pharyngeals separate, with sharp teeth; 

 chin with pores, no barbels ; teeth in jaws in one main series, 

 bands narrow. Dorsal rays, XI, I, 22; anal rays, II, 9; 

 lateral-line scales, 50. 



