THE NEW CENTURY DAWNS AUSPICIOUSLY 463 



Percheron breeding in the eastern part of the 

 United States. The work done at Selma Farm in- 

 fluenced others to establish studs in the eastern 

 states and many small breeding establishments there 

 now have animals tracing to this stud. 



California. — In California no studs of outstanding 

 importance were developed during the decade, but 

 J. F. Spaulding, J. W. Johnston, Mrs. Eschleman 

 Sherman, H. T. Liliencrantz and the California 

 Polytechnic School all had establishments of some 

 consequence, which aided in the improvement of 

 draft horses in the state. Conditions in California, 

 however, have not been favorable to the develop- 

 ment of draft horse interests. There are but two 

 seasons, one wet and one dry, and the long dry sea- 

 son has been . particularly favorable to the use of 

 tractors. Besides this, the tendency to operate 

 California farms in large areas devoted to small 

 grain lead to the employment of large numbers of 

 men whose knowledge of horsemanship was so rudi- 

 mentary as to make it unsafe to trust them with 

 good draft mares. Mule teams and tractors were 

 mostly used, so that horse-breeding interests in 

 California have been greatly retarded and it is 

 doubtful whether the state will ever come to the 

 general use of draft horses in any such degree as 

 prevails in the Mississippi Valley. Great progress 

 has been made in recent years, however, and more 

 Percherons are being purchased than ever before. 



Colorado. — ^In Colorado A. J. Zang, the Tampa Live 

 Stock Co. and Nels Shuland were the only breeders 



