56 GENERAL ACTION OF DRUGS 



DRUGS WHICH DESTROY MICROORGANISMS AND . 

 PARASITES. 



(1) Disinfectants or germicides are agents which destroy the micro- 

 organisms causing infectious and contagious diseases, fermentation and 

 putrefaction. Examples : 



Corrosive mercuric chloride Sulphurous acid 



Carbolic acid Chlorine 



Lime Heat 



Chlorinated lime 



(2) Antiseptics are agents which prevent the growth and develop- 

 ment of the microorganisms occasioning fermentation, putrefaction and 

 disease; more especially the micrococci producing suppuration. Those 

 used externally for surgical purposes are : 



Iodine and its tincture Lysol Salicylic acid 



Chlorazene Hydrogen dioxide Aristol 



Dichloramine-T Potassium permanganate lodol 



Alcohol Zinc chloride Boric acid 



Carbolic acid Zinc sulphate Benzoin 



Corrosive sublimate Formalin Thymol 



Creolin Iodoform Balsam of Peru 



Cresol 



Antiseptics •which are given internally : 

 Naphtol Bismuth salicylate 



Salol Bismuth subnitrate 



Creolin Quinine 



Carbolic acid Volatile oils and others 



Deodorants, or deodorizers, are agents which destroy or counteract 

 a foul odor. Those possessing any real value are also disinfectants and 

 antiseptics, and remove the source of the odor. 



(For further details see special article on disinfectants, antiseptics 

 and deodorants, p. 505.) 



Anthelmintics, vermifuges or vermicides are drugs which kill or expel 

 worms, such as the various species of tapeworm, roundworm, pinworm, 

 whipworm, etc. The term is also used to cover drugs removing such 

 parasites as bots, which are not worms. These drugs are supposed to 

 be relatively insoluble, but investigation has shown that they are usually 

 absorbed in large part. 



Anthelmintics removing tapeworms: 

 Aspidium (horse and dog) Calomel Aid in 



Oil of turpentine Aloes expulsion 



Kousso Linseed, cottonseed of dead 



Areca nut (sheep) or castor oil parasites 



Pumpkin seed 



Anthelmintics removing ascarids: 



Horses. 



Creolin Copper sulphate 



Oil of turpentine Carbon bisulphide 



Arsenic 



Digitized by Microsoft® 



