118 INORGANIC AGENTS 



The other sodium salts are of no particular value in veterinary prac- 

 tice except sodium bromide. (See Bromine, p. 184i.) 



Ammonium.* 



Ammonium is not employed in medicine. Ammonia (NHg) exists 



in the free state as a gas, and is used in medicine in solution in water or 



alcohol. 



Aqua Ammoniae. Ammonia Water. (U. S. P.) 



Synonym.— lAqaor ammoniae, B. P.; spirits of hartshorn, E.; liquor ammonii 

 caustici, P. G. ; spirltus salis ammoniaci causticus, ammonia aqua soluta, ammo- 

 niaque liquide, eau (solution, liqueur) d'ammoniaque, Fr. ; salmaikgeist, aetzam- 

 moniak, ammoniakflussigkeit, G. An aqueous solution of ammonia (NHg), con- 

 taining not less than 9.5 per cent, nor more than 10.6 per cent, by weight, of NHj. 



Properties. — A colorless, transparent liquid, having a very pungent odor, 

 alkaline taste, and a strongly alkaline reaction. Spec. gr. 0.958. 



Derivation.- — Evolve ammonia gas by heating ammonium chloride with cal- 

 cium hydrate, and pass it into water. 



2 NH, Cl-|-Ca(OH)i=2NH3-f2 H,0 + Ca Cl^. 



Dose.—n. & C, gss-i, (15-30); Sh. & Sw., 3i-ii, (4-8); D., TTtx-xx, (.6-1.3). 



PREPARATION^. 



Linimentmm Ammoniw. Ammonia Liniment. (U. S. & B. P.). 



Ammonia water, 250; sesame oil, 750. (U. S. P.). 



AauA AmmonijE Foetior. Stronger Ammonia Water. 



(U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Liquor ammonise fortls, stronger solution of ammonia, B. P.; eau 



d'ammoniaque forte, Fr.; starker salmiakgeist, G. 



An aqueous solution of ammonia (NHj), containing not less than 27 per 

 cent, nor more than 29 per cent., by weight, of NH3. 

 Derivation.-^Sarae as aqua ammoniee. 



Properties. — A colorless, transparent liquid, having an excessively pungent 

 odor, a very acrid and alkaline taste, and a strongly alkaline reaction. Spec, 

 gr. 0.897. 



Dose.— H. & C, 3ii-vi, (8-24) ; Sh. & Sw., 3i, (4) ; D., TTtv-x, (.3-.6). 



PREPARATION. 



Spiritus AmmoniCB Spirit of Ammonia. 



Synonym. — Spiritus ammoniaci caustici dondii, ammoniated alcohol, E.; 

 liquor ammonias caustici spirituosus, P. G. ; alcool6 d'ammoniaque, liqueur d'am- 

 moniaque vineuse, Fr. ; weingeistige ammoniakflussigkeit, G. 



An alcoholic solution of ammonia (NH3), containing 10 per cent., by weight, 

 of the gas. 



Properties. — A colorless liquid, having a strong odor of ammonia, and a spec, 

 gr. of about 0.808. 



This preparation combines the stimulating properties of ammonia and 

 alcohol. 



Dose.—n. & C, §ss-i, (15-30); Sh. & Sw., 3i-ii, (4-8); D., Tl^x-xx, (6-1.3). 



Ammonia Preparations. 



Action External. — ^Ammonia is a powerful irritant in stronger solu- 

 tion, or gas. If it is applied for a sufficient time, hyperemia, vesication 

 and sloughing ensue. 



Action Internal. — Stomach. — If swallowed in concentrated solution 



*The radical ammonium (NH4) of the ammonium compounds is not a metal, 

 although it resembles so closely — in physical, chemical and physiological prop- 

 erties — the other alkaline metals, that it is usually classed with them. 



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