120 INORGANIC AGENTS 



part each of water of ammonia and oil of turpentine, may be combined 

 to advantage with 4 to 6 parts of camphor liniment. Ammonia water is 

 one of the best remedies to relieve pa.in and antagonize the action of 

 insect bites, as stings of bees and wasps. It should be applied directly 

 to the poisoned part. 



Internally. — Ammonia is indicated when rapid stimulation of the 

 heart and respiration is desirable. In emergencies it may be given intra- 

 venously (aq. ammon. fort. 1 ; water, 4 parts) ; or by inhalation. It is 

 serviceable in the treatment of prussic acid and aconite poisoning, syn- 

 cope, collapse and shock following surgical operations ; also in snake 

 bites. The spirit of ammonia may be prescribed in fevers as a stimulant. 

 Ammonia is inferior to ammonium carbonate or the aromatic spirit in 

 cases of colic and tympanites. 



Ammonii CARBOifAS. Ammonium Carbonate NH1HCO3, NHjNHjCOj. 

 (U. S. & B. P.). 



It consists of a mixture of varying proportions of acid ammonium carbonate 

 (NH4 HCO3) and ammonium carbonate (NH4 NH2 CO2) and yields not less 

 than 30 per cent, nor more than 32 per cent, of NH,. " 



Synonym. — Volatile salt, sal volatile siccum, E.; ammonium carbonicum, P. 

 G. ; carbonate d'ammoniaque, alcali volatil concret, sel volatil d'Angleterre, Fr.; 

 fliichtiges laugensalz, reines hirchhomsalz, kohlensaures ammonium, G. 



Derivation. — A mixture of ammonium chloride or sulphate, and calcium car- 

 bonate, is sublimed and resublimed. Ammonium carbonate, so-called, is a mix- 

 ture of ammonium carbonate and bicarbonate. 



4 NH, Cl-t-2 Ca C03 = NH, HCO3 NH4NH2CO,-)-2 Ca C1,-|-NH3-1-H:,0. 



Properties. — White, hard, translucent, striated masses, having a strong odor 

 of ammonia, without empyreuma, and a sharp ammoniacal taste. On exposure, 

 to the air the salt loses both ammonia and carbonic dioxide, becoming opaque, 

 and is finally converted into friable, porous lumps, or a, white powder. Soluble 

 in 4 parts of water. Alcohol .only dissolves the carbonate, leaving the acid car- 

 bonate. 



Do3e.—n., 3ii, (8); C, 3iii-vi, (12-24); Sh. & Sw., gr.xv-xl, (1-2.6); D., 

 gr.iii-x, (.2-.6); D., emetic, gr.xv, (1). 



PREPARATIOX. 



Spiritus Ammonice Aromaticus. Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia. 

 (U. S. & B. P.) 

 Synonym. — Sal volatile, alcoolat ammoniacal aromatique, Fr. ; aromatischer 

 ammoniakgeist, G. ' 



Ammonium carbonate 34 grams 



Ammonia water 90 mils 



Oil of lemon 10 mils 



Oil of lavender 1 mil 



Oil of myristica 1 mil 



Alcohol 700 mils 



Distilled water, a sufficient quantity to make 1000 mils 

 Properties. — A nearly colorless liquid when freshly prepared, but gradually 



acquiring a yellow color. It has a pungent odor and taste of ammonia. Spec. 



gr. 0.900. 



Dose.— H. & C, 5i-ii, (30-60); Sh. & Sw., 3ii-iv, (8-15); D., 3ss-i, (2-4), 



well diluted. 



The aromatic spirit of ammonia nearly resembles ammonium carbo- 

 nate in action, but the alcohol and volatile oils add to the stimulant 

 qualities of ammonia and ammonium carbonate. 



Action Internal. — Ammonium carbonate is decomposed by acid in 



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