AROMATIC SPIRITS OF AMMONIA 131 



the stomach and escapes in the urine as urea. It stimulates gastric 

 secretion, vascularity and motion, and also excites intestinal peristalsis. 

 It is, therefore, a stomachic and carminative. It is also an antacid, and, 

 in large doses, an emetic to dogs. The action of ammonium carbonate 

 is almost identical with that of ammonia water in stimulating the heart 

 and respiration, but it has more power in augmenting the bronchial secre- 

 tions. 



Summary. — Cardiac and respiratory stimulant, expectorant, stom- 

 achic and emetic. 



Administration. — Ammonium carbonate is given in ball, or in solution 

 in cold water, to avoid irritating fumes ; also, with syrup or gruel. It is 

 often prescribed with other stimulants and antispasmodics, as alcohol, 

 capsicum, camphor and asafetida. 



Uses. — The indications for the administration of ammonium carbo- 

 nate are much the same as those for ammonia preparations. It is a more 

 useful expectorant, however, and it and the aromatic spirit are more serv- 

 iceable in the treatment of flatulence. For the latter condition in horses 

 with colic, a ball containing ammonium carbonate, nux vomica, and capsi- 

 cum, is often efficient. 



Horse, for flatulent colic. 



IJ Pulveris nucis vomicse. 



Ammonii carbonatis aa oii 



Pulveris capsici 31 



M. et fiat bolus No. i. 

 S. Give at once. 



We may use ammonium carbonate alone in the case of acute or 

 chronic bronchitis, or it may be combined with other stimulants, or expec- 

 torants, as ammonium chloride. In electric shock, so common an accident 

 in the large cities from "live" wires, the administration of full doses of 

 aromatic spirit diluted with half a pint of water will prove a most effec- 

 tive heart stimulant when the animal can .swallow. 



AMMoifii Chloridum. Ammonium Chloride. NH, CI. 

 (U. S. & B. P.). 



Synonym. — Sal ammoniac, ammonia muriaticum or hydrochloratum depura- 

 lum, ammonise hydrochloras or murias, muriate of ammonia, E. ; chlorure d'am- 

 monium, sel ammoniac, chlorhydrate d'ammoniaque, Fr. ; salmiak, clilorammo- 

 nium, G. 



Properties. — A white, crystalline or granular powder without odor, having a 

 cooling, saline taste. Somewhat hygroscopic. Soluble in 2.6 parts of water; in 

 100 parts of alcohol. An aqueous solution of the salt (1 in 20) in ice cold water 

 does not show an immediate acid reaction with litmus. 



Dose.—U., 3ii, (8); C, 3iii-vi, (12-24); Sh. & Sw., gr.xv-xl, (1-2.6); D., 

 gr.iii-x, (.2-6). 



Action Internal. — When ingested, sal ammoniac is a feeble heart 

 and respiratory stimulant, and is not comparable to the ammonia com- 

 pounds or ammonium carbonate in this respect. It is eliminated in great 

 part unchanged by the urine, but also by the other channels. In its excre- 

 tion it stimulates the mucous membranes, increases their secretions gen- 

 erally, and is thought to improve their nutrition. Hence it has been 



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