ARSENIC 171 



with charcoal in an ignition tube and strongly heated, arsenic trloxide is reduced, 

 and metallic arsenic is deposited on the cooler portion of the tube as a mirror, 

 having a metallic luster, and this mirror is readily dissolved by solutions of cal- 

 cium or sodium hypochlorite. 



Incompatibles. — Lime water, salts of iron and magnesia. 



-Dose.— H., gr.i-v, (.06-.8) ; Sh. & Sw., gr.i-ii, (.06-.12) ; D., gr.1/30-1/10, 

 (.002-.006). 



Usual dose for H., gr.ii-iii, (.12-.2). 



LiQuoii PoTAssii Arsenitis. Solution of Potassium Arsenite. (U. S. P.) 

 (Fowler's Solution.) 



Synonym. — Liquor arsenicalis, B. P.; liquor kali arsenicosi, P. G.; arsenical 

 solution, E.; liqueur arsenicale de Fowler, Fr.; Fowlers' che tropfen, G. Arsenic 

 trioxide, 10 Gm.; potassium bicarbonate, 20 Gm.; compound tincture of lavender, 

 30 Gm.; distilled water to make 1000 Gm. Strength about 1 per cent, of potas- 

 sium arsenite. 



Dose— H. & C, 3ii-Si, (8-30) ; Sh. &Sw., 3i-u, (4-8) ; D., Ttl,il-x, (.12-.6). 



Usual dose for H., |ss, (16). 



LiauoB AciDi Aksenosi. Solution of Arsenous Acid. (U. S. P.) 

 Synonym. — Liquor arsenici hydrochloricus, B. P.; hydrochloric solution of 



arsenic, E.; liqueur arsfinicale hydrochlorique, Fr. ; chlorarsenik-losung, G. 



Arsenic trioxide, 10 Gm. ; diluted hydrochloric acid, 50 Gm. ; distilled water, a 



sufficient quantity to make 1000 Gm. Strength, about 1 per cent, of arsenous acid. 

 Dose. — Same as Fowler's solution. 



AnspHEiTAMisrE (Dioxy-diamido-arsenobenzol dihydrochloride) . 



Synonym,. — "606," Salvarsan. 



Occurs as a fine yellow powder soluble in water, soluble in methyl, less solu- 

 ble in ethyl, alcohol. It is kept in a vacuum in ampoules because it is oxidized 

 and becomes poisonous on exposure to air. It may be given intramuscularly 

 but as it may sometimes cause pain, inflammation and sloughing, it is usually 

 given intravenously. It is dissolved in sterile distilled water (300 mils) and neu- 

 tralized by adding 23 drops of 15% sodium hydroxide solution to 0.6 Gm. (gr. x) 

 salvarsan. It is chiefly used as a specific in human syphilis, but is efficacious in 

 dourine, surra, nagana and pernicious anemia, and is recommended in pleuro- 

 pneumonia of cattle and petechial fever of horses. If given in the first days of 

 pleuto-pneumonia one dose is said to have reduced the mortality to a fraction of 

 one per cent. 



Dose. — H. 8s C, gr.45-75 (3.-5.) ; D., gr.v-x. (0.3-0.6), intravenously or intra- 

 muscularly. 



Atoxyl. Sodium Arsanilate (Cj H^ NH As Oj). 



A combination of anilin and arsenic, a white, soluble, crystalline powder con- 

 taining 35.6 per cent, of metal arsenic. Hare states that atoxyl is 1/40 as toxic 

 as Fowler's solution. Atoxyl is given subcutaneously in ten per cent, freshly 

 prepared solution in trypanosomiases (dourine, surra, nagana), sclerostomiasis, 

 piroplasmes, anemias and leukemia. 



Dose. — H., gr.iv, gradually increased to gr.xv, once daily, or single doses 

 (Gm. 1-3) once in 10 days. Over-dosage has caused blindness. 



A reduction product of atoxyl, arseno-phenyl-glycin, a, yellow soluble powder, 

 bids fair to supersede atoxyl in trypanosomiases, as it cures apparently by one 

 injection. It is too recent to judge its true value as yet. 



SoDii Cacodtlas. Sodium Cacodylate. (Na(CH3)2 AsOj.) 



Sodium cacodylate occurs as white prisms or soluble powder identical in 

 action with arsenic. 



Dose. — H., 3ss-i, (2-4) ; D., gr.i-iii, (.06-.2), hypodermatically. 



It has been used successfully in ttie treatment of anemias, leukemia, dourine, 

 and other trypanosomiases, chronic pneumonia, strangles, influenza, chronic skin 

 diseases, mountain and swamp fever, and hemorrhagic septicemia in horses, given 

 subcutaneously (gr. 45) every third day, or oftener. 



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