ACIDS 203 



Properties. — A golden yellow, fuming and very corrosive liquid; it has a 

 strong odor of chlorine. The strong acid should always be freshly prepared and 

 should be used in preference to thei diluted acid. It may be made off hand by 

 mixing 4 parts of nitric acid with 16 parts of hydrochloric acid. The mixture 

 should remain in an open bottle not more than half full, until the fumes pass ofl 



Dose.— H., Tn.xx-xl, (1.8-2.6); D., Tlliii-v, (.2-.3). 



///. Acidum Nitrohydrochloricum Dilutum. Diluted Nitrochloric Acid. 



(U. S. & B. P.) 

 (Diluted Nitromuriatic Acid.) 



Derivation. — Nitric acid, 10; hydrochloric acid, 45.5; distilled water, 194.6. 



Properties, — A colorless, or pale yellow liquid; it has a faint odor of chlorine 

 and a very acid taste. Completely volatilized by heat. (U. S. P.) 



Dose.—H., 5i-ii, (4-8); C, 3u-iv, (8-15); Sh., 3ss-i, (2-4); Sw. & D., 

 TIl,v-xxx, (.8-2). 



Acidum PHosPHOBictTM. Phosphoric Acid. H3P O,. (U. S. & B. P.) 



A liquid composed of not less than 85 per cent, nor more than 88 per cent, 

 of HsP O,. 



Synonym. — Acide phosphorique, Fr. ; phosphorsaiire, G. 



Derivation. — Heat phosphorus with diluted nitric acid till nitrous fumes 

 cease. P^-j-S HNO3+2 H^O = 3 H3 PO^-I-S NO. 



Properties. — A colorless, odorless liquid, of a syrupy consistence; it has a 

 strongly acid taste. Spec. gr. not below 1.72. Miscible, in all proportions, with 

 water or alcohol. (U. S. P.) 



PREPAEATIOir. 



Acidum Phosphoricwm Dilutum. Diluted Phosphoric Acid. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Derivation. — Phosphoric acid, 100; distilled water, 765. (IJ. S. P.) An aque- 

 ous solution containing not less than 9.5 per cent, nor more than 10.5 per cent, of 

 HsPOv Spec. gr. about 1057. 



Dose.—H., 3i-ii, (4-8); C, 3ii-iv, (8-15); Sh., 5ss-i, (2-4); Sw. & D., 

 ni,v-xxx, (.8-2). 



Acidum Aceticum. Acetic Acid. C^H.Oz. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Acetum purum, — acetum destillatum, P. G. ; acide ac6tique, Fr. ; 

 essigsaiire, G. 



An aqueous solution containing not less than 36 per cent, nor more than 37 

 per cent, of Q,H,02 or CH3COOH. 



Derivation. — Distillation of dry sodium acetate with sulphuric acid and crys- 

 tallization of the distillate. 2 Na Q H303 + H3S04 = 2 HQiHsOj+Na^ SO.. 



Properties. — A clear, colorless liquid, having a strong characteristic vinegar- 

 like odor, a sharply acid taste and a strongly acid reaction. Spec. gr. about 1.046. 

 Miscible with water or alcohol in all proportions. 



PREPARATION. 



Acidum Aceticum Dilutum. Diluted Acetic Acid. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Acide ac^tique dilu6, Fr. ;verdunnte essigsaure, G. 



Derivation. — Acetic acid, 120; distilled water, 610. Diluted acetic acid con- 

 tains 5.7-6.3 per cent, of C2H4O2. Spec. gr. about 1.008. Not employed internally 

 except in the form of official aceta. Vinegar is impure diluted acetic acid, made 

 by destructive distillation of wood, or by acetous fermentation and oxidation of 

 alcoholic solutions, as cider. 



CjHbO H-(-Oj =CjH402-fH20. A temperature of 80° F., and the presence 

 of the ferment or mould (Mycoderma aceti), are necessary. 



Acidum Aceticum Glacial. Glacial Acetic Acid. C2H1O2. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Acidum aceticum, P. G. ; acide acfitique crystallisfi, eSprit de vin- 

 aigre, vinaigre glacial, Fr. ; eissesig, G. 



Derivation. — Same as acetic acid. 



Properties. — A clear, colorless liquid of a strong vinegar-lilje odor, and a very 

 pungent, acid taste. Contains not less than 99 per cent, of CjH.Oj. Not used 

 internally. , 1 | 



Acidum Tartaricum. Tartaric Acid. C.HoOa. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Acide tartrique, acide de tartre, Fr.; weinsaure, weinsteins9.ure, G. 



Derivation. — Boil acid potassium tartrate or argol (incrustation in wine 



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