352 INORGANIC AGENTS 



is miscible with alcohol, ether, benzene, petroleum, benzin or glycerin; it is dis- 

 solved by solutions of the fixed alkalies. Sp. gr. 1.030 to 1.038 at 25° C. The 

 isomeric crespls are meta-, ortho- and para-cresol. They are constituents of tars 

 and are related to carbolic acid chemically and therapeutically. To increase 

 their solubility as antiseptics they are suspended with soap (lysol), used in 

 emulsion (creolin), or dissolved by salts (solveol). Cresol is much more germi- 

 cidal than phenol but is used more commonly in the form of creolin and lysol. 

 The dose and toxicity of cresol are the same as that of phenol. 

 Ceeolinum. Creolin. (Proprietary preparation.) 



Synonym. — Creoline, Fr. ; kreolin, G. 



Derivation. — Obtained from soft coal by dry distillation. Composition very 

 complex. It is said to contain cresol and higher homologues of phenol. 



Properties. — Dark-brown, syrupy, alkaline liquid, of a tarry taste and odor. 

 Nearly soluble in alcohol; soluble in chloroform and ether. When added to water, 

 creolin forms a white emulsion containing in suspension as much as 12 per cent, 

 of the drug. ' 



Dose. — H. & C, Sss-i, (15-30), in single dose. For continuous use — H. & C, 

 3i-ii, (4-8); D., Tlli-v, (.06-.3). 



Action External. — Creolin is a powerful and useful disinfectant, 

 antiseptic, and parasiticide. It forms a slippery coating upon the skin. 

 Strong solutions are not caustic, but may cause a dermatitis when con- 

 tinuously applied. Creolin generally represents carbolic acid, but is 

 much more efficient as a germicide, less irritating, and does not endan- 

 ger animal life from absorption. Creolin has 3.25 times the germicidal 

 value of phenol and is but 1/6 as toxic (U. S. Hygienic Laboratory). 

 Aqueous solutions (emulsions),. containing from % to 1 per cent., are 

 employed for antiseptic purposes. 



Action Internal. — Creolin is eliminated by all channels, giving the 

 secretions a tarry odor, and coloring the urine brown. One or two drams 

 of creolin (a lethal dose of carbolic acid), when given daily to dogs for 

 weeks at a time, produce no bad effects. It is a good intestinal anti- 

 septic, and better than carbolic acid. 



Uses. — Creolin is employed mainly outside of the body, and is a 

 useful general antiseptic for surgical purposes in 1 per cent, solution. 

 Antiseptic poultices, so valuable upon septic sloughing parts, are best 

 made by soaking clean gauze in a 1 per cent, aqueous solution of creolin, 

 and applying the same, covered by a waterproof protective. Creolin 

 solutions are not to be recommended for instruments during operations, 

 as the fluid is so turbid that they cannot be seen by the operator. A 2 

 per cent, solution is useful for a vaginal or uterine injection; a 1 per 

 cent, solution for irrigation of the bladder in cystitis, or eye in! keratitis 

 and conjunctivitis; and a % per cent, solution for intestinal irrigation in 

 dysentery. As a parasiticide, 2 per cent, solutions, or 10 per cent, oint- 

 ments or soaps, may be used to kill lice, fleas, and acari of scab and 

 mange. Frohner advises equal parts of creolin and alcohol, with 8 parts 

 of green soap, in mange and scab with occasional use of a 2 per cent, 

 bath. The same treatment is useful in chronic mange and grease. With 

 alcohol (1-10-20). creolin is remedial in alopecia areata. 



Sheep are dipped to advantage in 2 per cent, solutions, to destroy 

 ticks, instead of the more dangerous arsenical liquids. Creolin may be 

 used internally, as an intestinal antiseptic and anthelmintic. One ounce 



Digitized by Microsoft® 



