OPIUM AND MORPHINE 375 



After the animal has once been etherized the author has frequently done 

 gastro-jejunostomy and even partial gastrectomy without any further 

 ether being required. 



2 and 3. Opium is invaluable in lessening secretion, motion and 

 pain in various digestive disorders. Gastric digestion is inhibited by 

 the action upon secretion and motion, and opium should not be adminis- 

 tered immediately after the ingestion of food, unless the demand for it 

 at that time is imperative. Laudanum or morphine is also valuable in 

 preventing threatened abortion, and in the treatment of after-pains and 

 post-partum hemorrhage in mares, cows and bitches. 



Excessive vomiting in dogs may be combated with opium and bis- 

 muth, or with morphine hypodermically. Opium quiets peristalsis and 

 secures rest of the canal in gastritis and gastro-enteritis. In superpur- 

 gation and in all forms of diarrhea and dysentery, opium is the remedy 

 par excellence. (Laudanum in dose of 5-10 drops for large birds is an 

 efficient remedy for diarrhea in poultry.) Its administration in these 

 disorders should be accompanied, or preceded, by an oleaginous (horse), 

 saline (herbivora) or mercurial (horse and dog) purgative; and its 

 action may be assisted by astringents, alkalies, mineral acids, and intes- 

 tinal antiseptics in various combinations suited to the particular case. 

 The following formulae are useful in diarrhea of horses and cattle. 



Tincturse capsici. 



Spiritus menthse piperltae aa 3vi. 



Spiritus camphorae. 



Tincturse opii aa §vi. 



M. 



Sig. 4 tablespoonfuls 3 times daUy in pint of water. 



Pulveris opii. 



Pulveris gambir aa 3vi. 



Cretae praeparatae. 

 Pulveris zingiberis. 



Sodii bicarbonatis aa §vi. 



M. et divide in chartulas No. vi. 

 S. Give one powder in boiled flour gruel night and 

 morning; one-third of dose for calves. 

 Opium in diarrhea of dogs. 



Tincturae opii camphoratae 3vi. 



Misturaa creta ad giii. 



M. 



Sig. One tablespoonful in water every 3 hours after 

 dose of castor oil. 



Peritonitis, enteritis, and acute obstruction of the bowels are treated 

 most successfully with opium, which quiets the bowels, relieves pain and 

 facilitates the vis medatrix naturae, besides acting as an antiphlogistic in 

 the first mentioned diseases. By preventing muscular activity and allay- 

 ing general excitability, opium is the most effective hemostatic in all 

 internal hemmorhages, and it quiets the heart most effectively in acute 

 endocarditis. 



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