360 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



temperature of 428° F. (220° C). 2 NaCH^O (sodium carbolate) +00^= 

 Na,C,H,03 (sodium salicylate) +C,H„0 (phenol). Sodium salicylate is treated 

 with hydrochloric acid, when salicylic acid is precipitated. Na2C,H403+2 HC1=: 

 C,H,0a+2 NaCl. 



Properties. — Fine, prismatic needles, or as a bulky, white, crystalline powder; 

 odorless, having a sweetish, afterward acrid taste, and permanent in the air. 

 Synthetic salicylic acid is white and odorless; when prepared from methyl 

 salicylate the acid may have a slightly yellow or pink tint and a slight, gaul- 

 theria-like odor. Soluble in about 460 parts of water, and in 2.7 parts of alcohol. 

 Also soluble in 8 parts of ether and in 4,2 parts of chloroform. 



Incompatible. — Spirit of nitrous ether. 



Impurities. — In artificial salicylic acid, metacreosotic and orthocreosotic acids. 



Dose.— H. & C, 3ii-gi, (8-30); Sh., 5i-iv, (4-15); Sw., 3ss-i, (2-4); D., 

 gr.v-xxx, (.3-2). 



PREPARATION. 



Vnguentum Acidi Salicylici (2 per cent.), B. P. 

 SALiciNtfM. Salicin. daHisO:. (U. S. & B. P.) 

 A neutral principle (glucoside) obtained from several species of Salix and 

 Populus (Fam. Salicacese). 



Habitat. — Europe, but cultivated in North America. 



Derivation. — Obtained from a decoction of willow bark. Salicin crystallizes 

 on evaporation, after removal of tannin by agitation with lead oxide. It is puri- 

 fied by repeated solution and crystallization. 



Properties. — Colorless, silky, shining crystalline needles, or rhombic prisms, 

 or a crystalline powder; odorless, and having a very bitter taste. Permanent in 

 the air. Soluble in 23.5 parts of water, and in 88.5 parts of alcohol; insoluble in 

 ether or chloroform. 



, Doae.—U. & C, 3ii-Si, (8-30) ; Sh., 3i-iv, (4-15) ; Sw., 3ss-i, (2-4) ; D., 

 gr.v-xxx, (.8-2). 



*SoDii Salicylas. Sodium Salicylate. NaCH^Oa. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Silicylate de sonde, Fr.; natriumsalicylat, G. 



Derivation. — Made by the action of salicylic acid on sodium carbonate. 2 

 HC7H50s+Na2C03=2 NaCvHsOa-FHjO-FCOj. The solution is filtered, and heated 

 to expel carbon dioxide. 



Properties. — A white, raicrocrystalline powder or scales, or as an amorphous 

 powder, colorless or having not more than a faint pifik tinge; odorless, or having 

 a faint characteristic odor, and a sweet, saline taste. Permanent in cool air. 

 Soluble in 0.8 part of water, and in 5.5 parts of alcohol; very soluble in boiling 

 water or alcohol; also soluble in glycerin. 



Dose.^Same as salicin. 



Phenylis Salicylas. Phenyl Salicylate, C13H10O3. (U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Salol, B. P. ; salicylic ether of phenol. 



Derivation. — Made by heating salicylic and carbolic acids with phosphorous 

 pentachloride. 



Properties. — A white, crystalline powder, having an aromatic odor, and a 

 characteristic taste. Permanent in the air. Almost insoluble in water; soluble 

 in 6 parts of alcohol. Very soluble in ether, chloroform, benzene, and in fixed 

 or volatile oils. 



Dose.— H., 3iii-vi, (12-24); D., gr.v-x, (0.3-0.6). 



Salicylic Acid, 'Salicin, Sodium Salicylate and Phenyl Salicylate 



or Salol. 



Action External. — Salicylic acid, sodium salicylate^ salicin and salol 



5 now official. Strontium sa 

 as for the sodium salt. 



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*Strontii salicylas is now official. Strontium salicylate is less irritating to 

 the stomach. Dose same as for the sodium salt. 



