THIOSINAMINE 379 



continuously to keep up, constant counter-irritation, the drug should be 

 washed off in 20 or 30 minutes, and the process repeated once in 2 hours. 

 It is unwise to induce much vesication over an extensive surface with 

 mustard, as the result is painful and resolution' is slow. Mustard is also 

 serviceable in painful abdominal diseases, as colic, tympanites, enteritis 

 and peritonitis, but oil of turpentine appears here to be more efficient. 



A sinapism (mustard application) over the loins is useful in acute 

 nephritis, and will not lead to irritation of the kidneys from absorption 

 which may ensue after cantharidal blistering. Cantharides has, however, 

 a more active, permanent and revulsant effect in most local inflammatory 

 conditions, and is more potent in acute laryngitis. The action of mustard 

 is rapid and fleeting, unless applied continually in considerable strength. 

 For this reason it is indicated to impress the nervous system instantane- 

 ously, in opium, alcohol and other narcotic poisoning; in respiratory fail- 

 ure, in collapse and extreme depression in the course of acute diseases 

 (pneumonia and parturient apoplexy), applied all over the body, or over 

 the cardiac region in syncope. Mustard is of utility in muscular or articu- 

 lar rheumatism, and is employed on swollen glands (strangles), inflamed 

 j oints and tendons ; but is usually less efficacious than a good cantharidal 

 blister in these three latter conditions. 



Uses Internal. — Mustard is an efficient emetic for dogs, in table- 

 spoonful doses, given in a cup of tepid water. It is usually at hand, and 

 not only empties the stomach in poisoning, but reflexly stimulates the 

 heart and respiration. If administered for its carminative or stomachic 

 effect, mustard must be given in pill or ball. 



Thiosistamina. Thiosinamine. CiHgNjS. (Non-official.) 

 Thiosinamine (allyl thiourea) is made by heating together volatile oil of mus- 

 tard and an alcoholic solution of ammonia, collecting the crystalline product of 

 condensation, and recrystallization from alcohol. It occurs in colorless crystals, 

 having a slight, alliaceous odor, and is moderately soluble in water in which it is 

 decomposed. It is also soluble in about 3 parts of alcohol and readily soluble in 

 ether. 



Fibrolysin (non-official) (NH„ CS, NHCH^CH: CH2) +C„H4(OH) (COONa) 

 has now largely superseded thiosinamine because it is freely soluble in water, 

 pi'oduces less irritation and is more readily absorbed than thiosinamine. Fibro- 

 lysin is a sterilized solution of a double salt of thiosinamine and sodium sulphate 

 containing 15 per cent, of the double salt. It is a clear, colorless, aqueous solution 

 of faint odor and acrid taste. It decomposes in the air but not in sealed, brown 

 glass vials in which it is marketed. Each ampul contains 11.5 mils, or sufficient 

 for one injection for a horse. 



Actions and Uses. — Thiosinamine and fibrolysin have a peculiar 

 action on pathological exudates when given by the mouth, under the skin, 

 or into the blood. They cause a local reaction, where old inflammatory 

 exudation exists, with softening and absorption of inflammatory exudates 

 beginning within a few hours after their subcutaneous use. There may 

 be considerable pain and dark congestion about the site of injection and 

 the amount of urine is sometimes greatly increased. While they are said 

 not to interfere with the general health, in man they sometimes produce 

 nausea and vomiting. 



Fibrolysin is the better of the two for the reasons stated. It has 



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