CALUMBA 399 



PREPAHATIOK. 



Tinctura Calumbw. Tincture of Calumba. (U. S. & B. P.) 

 Made by maceration and percolation of calumba, 200, in alcohol, and water to 



make 1000. (U. S. P.) 



Dose.—H. & C, 5ii-iv, (60-120); D., 3i-iv, (4-15). Dose of tincture (B. P.) 



half that of U. S. P. tincture. 



Administration. — Calumba is given in powder on the food, or in the 

 official preparations to the larger animals. The infusion (1-16, B. P.) 

 may be used in the same doses as that of cascarilla. The tincture, and 

 extract (gr.ii-x, B. P.) are the best preparations for dogs. 



Actions and Uses. — Calumba is a mild but pure bitter. Berberine, 

 calumbin and calumbic acid are all bitter^ but none of them possess any 

 powerful physiological action. Calumba is indicated in the same cases 

 as gentian, but, being free from tannin, may be combined with iron prepa- 

 rations without producing an unsightly, inky mixture. It is less irri- 

 tating than other bitters, and may be prescribed in more irritable condi- 

 tions of the stomach. Calumba is frequently used during convalescence 

 from the acute diseases and diarrhea. 



Tonic for dogs in convalescence from acute diseases. 



Tincturae ferri chloridi Sss. 



Tincturse calumbse ad Jiv. 



M. 



S. Teaspoohful t. i. d. in water. 



Tahaxacum. Taraxacum. (U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Taraxici radix, B. P.; dandelion, E.; pissenlit, dent de lion, Fr. ; 

 lowenzahn, G. 



The dried rhizome and roots of Taraxacum officinale Weber (Fam. Com- 

 positae). 



Habitat. — Naturalized in the United States and growing commonly in waste 

 places. Indigenous in Europe. 



Description. — Cylindrical or somewhat flattened, gradually tapering, usually 

 in broken pieces, from 6 to 15 cm. in length and from 5 to 15 mm. in thickness; 

 externally brown or blackish-brown, longitudinally wrinkled; odor slight or in- 

 odorous; taste bitter; powder light brown. 



Constituents. — 1, taraxacin, a bitter, soluble, crystalline substance; 2, inulin; 

 3, taraxacerin (CjHisO) ; 4, resin, causing the milky juice; 5, asparagin, of no 

 medicinal value. 



Dose.— H., gi-ii, (80-60) ; Sh. & Sw., 3ii-iv, (8-15) ; D., 3i-ii, (4-8). 



PHJEPARATIONS. 



Extractum Taraxaci. Extract of Taraxacum. (U. S. & B. P.) 

 Made by percolation of powdered taraxacum, 1000; with alcohol and water, 

 1000; and evaporation to pilular consistence. 



Dose.—U. & C, 3i-iv, (4-15); D., gr.v-xx, (.3-1.3). 



Flv/idextractwm Taraxaci. Fluidextract of Taraxacum. (U. S. P.) 

 Made by maceration and percolation with diluted alcohol, and evaporation, so 

 that 1 mil=l Gm. of taraxacum. 

 Dose. — Same as taraxacum. 



Extractum Taraxici Liqnidum. (B. P.) 

 Dose. — Same as taraxacum. 



Administration. — The fresh juice squeezed from the root (succus, 



B. P.) may be given to horses; or the official preparations may be used. 



Action and C/«es.— Taraxacum is a simple stomachic and bitter and 



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