436 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



The female inflorescence of Hagenia abyssinlca (Bruce) Gmelin (nat. ord. 

 Rodaceae). 



Habitat. — Abyssinia. 



Description. — In bundles, rolls, or compressed clusters consisting of pannicles 

 about 25 cm. long; the two roundish bracts at the base of each flower, and the 

 four or five obovate, outer sepals are of a reddish color, membranous and veiny; 

 odor slight, fragrant and tea-like ; taste bitter, acrid and nauseous. 



Constituents. — 1, the active principle is kosin or koussin (CsiHajOu,), a yellow- 

 ish, bitter, crystalline glucoside, soluble in alcohol, chloroform, benzol and ether, 

 but insoluble in water; dose— dogs, gr.x-xl, (.6-2.6); 2, a volatile oil; 8, gum; 4, 

 tannic acid; 5, two resins. 



Dose. — Small dogs, 3ss-i, (2-4); large dogs, 3ii-iv, (8-15). 



PREPARATION. 



Fluidextractum Cusso. Fluidextract of Kousso. (Non-offidial.) 

 Synonym. — Extractum brayerae fluidum. 



Made by maceration and percolation of kousso with alcohol, and evaporation, 

 so that 1 mll=:l Gm. of the crude drug. 

 Dose. — Same as kousso. 



Action and Uses. — Kousso is an effective taeniacide in dogs and cats. 

 Large doses cause nausea, colicky pains and some catharsis. Kousso i" 

 administered in milk, or as an infusion flavored with peppermint; also 

 in the form of the fluidextract, or glucoside in capsules, to the fasting 

 animal. It should be repeated 3 times, at hour intervals, and followed by 

 a small dose of castor oil if the bowels are not sufficiently relaxed. There 

 is little danger of poisoning even by great quantities of the drug. 



Granatum. Pomegranate. (U. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Granati cortex, B. P.; gcorce de grenadier (or de balaustier), 

 Fr.; granatrinde, G. ; cortex granati, P. G. 



The dried bark of the stems and roots of Punica Granatum Linng (Fam. 

 Pumicaceae) . 



Habitat. — India and S. W. Asia. Also cultivated and naturalized in sub- 

 tropical countries. 



Description. — The stem bark is mostly in somewhat flattened or transversely 

 curved pieces, to some extent in quills, from 2 to 8 cm. in length; bark from 0.5 

 to 3.5 mm. in thickness; outer surface yellowish to grayish-brown; odor slight; 

 taste astringent, somewhat bitter and nauseous. 



The root b9,rk is in transversely curved pieces; externally brownish-yellow 

 to dark brown with irregular patches of cork ; internally dark yellow. 



The powder is yellowish-brown to dark brown; calcium oxalate crystals in 

 rosette aggregates. 



Constituents. — The active principle is (1) pelletierine (CgHi^NO), % per 

 cent., a colorless, oily, aromatic alkaloid, soluble in alcohol, chloroform and ether; 

 four salts occur in commerce; the tannate, sulphate, hydrobromide and hydro- 

 chloride; the first is more frequently used; dose — D., gr.ii-v, (.12-.3); 2, piinico- 

 tannic acid, 22 per cent.; 3, methyl, pseudo, and iso-pelletierine; the latter is a 

 taeniacide. 



Dose. — Dogs, 3ss-iss, (2-6). 



preparations. 



Fluidextractum Granati. (U. S. P.) 

 Dose.—D., 3ss-i, (2-4). 



Pelletierinw Tannag. (U. S. P.) 

 Dose.~D., gr.iv, (.24). 



Action and Uses. — Pomegranate is inferior to the foregoing drugs 

 as an anthelmintic, since it is disagreeable and prone to produce vomiting. 

 Pomegranate is an astringent, but, in large doses, acts as an emetic and 



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