566 EPITOME OF MODERN TREATMENT 



of vessel remains intact. -Continuous pressure by hands or truss; potassium 

 iodide, ergot injections into sac in early stages; needling; acupuncture; 

 introduction of foreign bodies into sac, as wire. 



Anorexia (Appetite, loss of). 



Gentian, cinchona, quinine, quassia, cascarilla, calumba, taraxacum, hy- 

 drastis, hydrastine, hydrastin, calamus, capsicum. Remove cause as carious 

 or sharp teeth, and digestive or general disorders. 



Anthrax. Charbon. In Cattle, Horses and Sheep. 



Treatment is chiefly preventive; bodies of dead burned or buried 7 feet 

 deep, with hide intact. Flesh of the dead may communicate the disease, 

 if eaten. Isolate or kill patients; infected premises and discharges must 

 be thoroughly disinfected; avoid infected pastures. Simultaneous injection 

 of attenuated spore vaccine and anti-anthrax serum confer immunity and 

 prevent the incidence of anthrax. Any treatment is generally unsuccessful 

 and may lead to infection of attendants or other animals and therefore inad- 

 visable. Internally, calomel and salts, in cattle, and carboUc acid or creolin 

 in enormous doses have aided recovery in some cases ; injection of 5 per cent, 

 carbolic acid solution at many points in anthrax carbuncles and serum have 

 proved curative in human patients. 



Aphtha. See Stomatitis. 



Aphthous Fever. See Foot and Mouth Disease. 



Apoplexy, Cerebral. 



Raise head, ice bag to poll; venesection, 4-8 quarts in horse; veratrum. 

 Mustard paste to legs and bandage; croton oil; dark, quiet quarters; 

 gruels and mashes, if swallowing is possible. Change in, position important ; 

 also use of the catheter and enemata. To aid resolution, potassium iodide, 

 massage and electricity. 



Apoplexy, Parturient. In Cows. 



Prevent by withholding grain last six weeks of pregnancy, except bran 

 mashes; also give Epsom salt occasionally. Milk twice daily before par- 

 turition unless animal dry. Kunsel's treatment, successful in 90 per cent, 

 of cases. Enemata, ice to poll; bandage legs; prop patient up on sternum 

 and change position every few hours. Catheterize and use enemata, cafl'eine, 

 strychnine, alcohol, if collapse. Avoid drenches if animal unconscious; 

 otherwise, give Epsom salt. For resulting paralysis, use potassium iodide; 

 strychnine; blister over lumbar region; gruels and mashes during con- 

 valescence. 



Apoplexy, Pulmonary. See Pulmonary Congestion and Edema. 



Apoplexy, Splenic. See Anthrax. 



Appetite, Depraved. See Depraved Appetite. 



Appetite, Loss of. See Anorexia. 



Arthritis. 



1. In horses, traumatic and septic; 2, in new-born, due to uterine and um- 

 bilical infection (B. abortus equi) ; 3, may be variety of acute infection 

 known as acute articular rheumatism; in this form use salicylic acid or 

 salicylates; salol; externally, formalin and glycerin injections, methyl salicy- 

 late, sodium bicarbonate, iodine ointment; later stages, salicylates and potas- 

 sium iodide; diet, milk for small, and gruels and mashes for large 

 patients in acute stage. When disease prevalent segregate pregnant animals. 

 Ligate aseptically the cord of new-born at birth and sterilize the stujnp 

 with tine, iodine. As preventive, give new born within 24 hours of birth 

 10 mils antistreptococcus serum subcut. or specific vaccine of B. abortus equi. 

 Disinfect the stall before another birth occurs. May be due to B. necro- 

 phorous, staphylococcic, or other infection; see Umbilical Infection. In 

 traumatic arthritis, cold irrigations or hot fomentations; internally, calomel; 

 Priessnitz poultice; rest, splints and slings; later, blisters; red mercuric 

 iodide; iodine. An arthritis may occur as a complication of almost any 

 acute infection. Use formalin and glycerin in acute iriTections. 



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