DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS 611 



tive in preventing tetanus when antitoxin is injected. In wounds of the feet, 

 - in regions where tetanus is prevalent; also -in the new-born, in cows just 

 calved, and for all animals after surgical operations in regions infected by 

 tetanus, the antitoxin preventive treatment should be employed. Immunity 

 thus conferred, lasts about a month and is without danger. Repeat these 

 injections of antitoxin at the end of the first and third week, to prevent 

 the intoxication caused by belated crops of tetanus bacilli. Locally, any 

 wound likely to contain tetanus germs must be opened freely to the bottom 

 and tincture of iodine used. In new-born lambs and calves sterilize the 

 stump of cord after ligation with iodine. Magnesium sulphate is the most 

 successful drug in the treatment of tetanus (see magnesium sulphate). To 

 relieve spasm of jaw and elsewhere, give lobeline (gr.j^), subcutaneously, 

 or chloral (gii-iii) in boiled starch solution by rectum. Chloroform by in- 

 halation may give temporary freedom from spasm. The use of slings, a 

 quiet, darkened box-stall, and gentle management are desirable. The diet 

 should be of a sloppy character — milk, gruels, and- perhaps some green 

 fodder, with water within reach at all times. Empty the bowels manually 

 or by enema; the bladder by catheter or pressure within the rectum. 

 Thorough disinfection of the premises after a case of tetanus is imperative. 



Texas Fever. See Hemoglobinuria in Cattle. 

 Thick Wind in Horses. 



Treat as for Broken Wind. 



Thorough-Pin of the Hock and Knee. 



Tenosynovitis of the perforatus tendon just at the summit of the os calcis. 

 Usually chronic, as hydrops of the tendon sheath. In acute cases, apply a 

 high-heeled shoe and secure rest, and apply wet compresses and flannel 

 bandage about the lower limb and hock. In chronic cases, apply spring 

 truss, or operate by aseptic excision or curetting of wall of the sac and free 

 drainage, to secure obliteration of the sac and adhesion of the tendon to 

 the tendon sheath. There is considerable danger of sepsis, however, in the 

 operation. Aseptic aspiration of the sac and injection of tincture of iodine 

 or of phenol (m.x-xx) may produce the same result with less danger of 

 infection. Unless the animal is valuable, operation is inadvisable. Firing 

 and blisters have little curative value. Hydrops or hygroma of the common 

 tendon sheath of the perforatus and perforans at the back of the carpus. 

 This is treated exactly as recommended for hydrops or dropsy of the per- 

 foratus tendon (thorough-pin) at the hock. 

 Thrombosis. 



Of the Cerebral Arteries. See Apoplexy. 



Of the Anterior Mesenteric Artery. See Colic. 



Of Femoral and Axillary Arteries. 



Shown by intermittent lameness and complete paresis, with loss of pulse, 

 in affected limb. Treatment by rest for many weeks and potassium iodide 

 thrice daily. The clot in femoral artery may be felt per rectum, and 

 massage over it has been recommended, but is liable to cause sudden death 

 by embolus. Swelling of the limb may be combated by bandaging. 

 Thrush (In the Mouth). See Stomatitis. 



Thrush in Frog of Horse. 



Keep the feet out of manure and urine by constant cleanliness of stable 

 or by movable leather sole and calks, to prevent moisture from reaching 

 the foot. Remove from wet yard or pasture. Dust calomel and iodoform 

 (equal parts) on the frog and work the powder into cleft of the frog, by 

 means of a probe, and pack with tow on top of it. Application of wood 

 tafl and tow and leather soles may be placed over this. If seen in fore feet 

 without apparent cause, or if there is swelling of the limbs and evidence of 

 poor circulation, give a purge, tonics and regular exercise. 



Ticks. Wood Ticks. Ixodes. 



Ticks are the means of transmitting tick or Texas fever to cattle (Boo- 

 philus annulatus or Rhipicephalus annulatus), and the allied disorders— 



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