196 



Guide for Making Frames. 



with and three-fourths of an inch from the edge. To the 

 bottom of this, screw a semi-oval piece of hoop-steel ( Fig. 

 71,3, 3), which shall bend around and press against the 

 square strips. The ends of this should not reach quite to 

 the bottom of the board. Near the ends of this spring 

 fasten, by rivets, a leather strap an'inch wide (Fig. yi,a), 

 which shall be straight when thus riveted. These dimen- 

 sions are for frames eleven and one-fourth inches square, 



Fig. 71. 



Block for making Gallup Fraines, 



outside measure, and must be varied for other sizes. In- 

 stead of the iron and strap, some use two pieces of wood 

 with a central pivot. The upper ends of these levers are 

 united by a strong elastic cord, so that the lower ends are 

 constantly pressed against the side pieces of the block. 

 Recently we have used in such blocks, both for frame and 

 section-making, a single hard-wood strip, a little shorter 

 than the distance between the strifis e and e. This is piv- 

 oted at the center to tlic center of the block. This is a 

 very simple way to hold the side pieces firmly against the 

 Strips e, e. We ha\'e only to turn this lever. 



To use this block, we crowd the end-bars of our frames 

 between the steel springs (Fig. 71, i5, <^), and the square 

 strips (Fig. 71, e, c)\ then lay on our top-bar and nail, 



